• 论著 •

### 3种蚤类幼虫触角与肛柱结构量度的测定和比较

1. 河北省鼠疫防治所流行病科, 河北 张家口 075000
• 收稿日期:2020-04-02 出版日期:2020-10-20 发布日期:2020-10-20
• 通讯作者: 康东梅,Emali:dongfangkang33@126.com
• 作者简介:崔耀仁,男,主治医师,主要从事鼠疫媒介蚤类研究工作,Email:cuiyaoren@163.com
• 基金资助:
河北省重大医学科研课题项目（zd2013072）

### Measurement and comparison of the antennae and anal column structure of three species of flea larvae

CUI Yao-ren, KANG Dong-mei, ZHENG Nan

1. Anti-plague Institute of Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
• Received:2020-04-02 Online:2020-10-20 Published:2020-10-20
• Supported by:
Supported by the Major Medical Research Projects in Hebei Province (No. zd2013072)

Abstract: Objective To observe and compare antennae and anal column morphology of three flea larvae, Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides felis, and Leptopsylla segnis, to measure and compare the ratios of antenna length to antenna spacing and anal column length to anal column spacing of the three species, and to explore and establish a quantifiable method to classify and identify the flea larvae. Methods At a temperature of (24±1)℃ and a relative humidity (80±10)%, the three species of flea larvae were obtained by conventional feeding and plate culture with mice as blood supply animals. The pictures of the larvae were taken under an anatomical microscope. The antenna length, antenna spacing, anal column length, and anal column spacing of the larvae were measured. The ratios of antenna length to antenna spacing and anal column length to anal column spacing of the three species of larvae were statistically analyzed by the rank sum test. Results The antennal morphology of the three larvae was basically the same, but the length and spacing of antennae were different; the ratio of antenna length to antenna spacing was 0.87±0.06 for X. cheopis, 1.26±0.37 for C. felis, and 1.02±0.06 for L. segnis, with a significant difference by the rank sum test (H=173.241, P<0.001), as well as a significant difference between any two species of them (all P<0.001). The anal column of X. cheopis larvae was thin, with nearly the same thickness from the base to the end; the anal column of C. felis larvae changed greatly from the base to the end, with a thick base and a thin end; the anal column of L. segnis larvae was thick, with nearly the same thickness from the base to the end. The length and spacing of anal columns of the three species of larvae were different; the ratio of anal column length to anal column spacing was 1.31±0.13 for X. cheopis, 2.60±0.55 for C. felis, and 4.82±1.47 for L. segnis, with a significant difference by the rank sum test (H=161.082, P<0.001), as well as a significant difference between any two species of them (all P<0.001). Conclusion The larvae of X. cheopis, C. felis, and L. segnis have similar morphology of antennae, but different morphologies of anal columns. The ratios of antenna length to antenna spacing and anal column length to anal column spacing of the three species are significantly different, which can be used as a basis for the morphological classification and identification of common flea larvae in residential areas.