上海市静安区地下空间冬季蚊虫组成及控制研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查上海市静安区冬季地下空间（包括停车库、防空洞等）蚊虫组成，并探索有效的控制蚊虫方法。方法 2019年1月在上海市静安区选择既往冬季有蚊虫活动的15处地下空间，采用1%双硫磷颗粒剂对阳性积水实施控制，并使用人工小时法和勺舀法调查，采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较蚊虫密度变化来评估其控制效果。结果实施控制前实验组各场所平均温度为10.76℃，平均湿度为56.96%；积水阳性率为25.93%，勺舀指数为3.17条/勺；平均成蚊密度为5.39只/（间·h），捕获雌蚊92只（占91.09%），均为尖音库蚊复合组，卵巢发育比例为5.43%；吸血比例为1.09%，脂肪体积累比例为15.22%；控制后积水阳性率为0，平均成蚊密度为0.21只/（间·h），控制后成蚊密度显著降低（F=3.186，P=0.001）；同期未控制地下空间成蚊密度为6.49只/（间·h），显著高于控制场所（F=2.823，P=0.005）。结论上海市冬季地下区域仍有蚊虫繁殖，对雨水井、集水井等蚊虫孳生地采用1%双硫磷颗粒剂控制能有效降低蚊密度。

关键词: 地下空间, 骚扰库蚊, 控制, 越冬

Abstract: Objective To study the composition of mosquitoes in underground spaces (including parking garages and air-raid shelters) of Jing'an district, Shanghai, China in winter, and to explore effective methods for mosquito control. Methods In January 2019, 15 underground spaces, which had mosquito infestation in winter before, were selected from Jing'an district, Shanghai, and 1% temephos granules were used to control the mosquito-positive standing water habitats. An investigation was performed using the labor hour method and ladle method. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the mosquito density changes to evaluate the control effect. Results Before control, the mean temperature and humidity of the selected sites in the experimental group were 10.76℃ and 56.96%, respectively. The positive rate of mosquitoes in standing water habitats was 25.93%, and the ladle index was 3.17 mosquito larvae/scoop. The mean adult mosquito density was 5.39 mosquitoes/room·h. A total of 92 female mosquitoes (91.09%) were captured, all of which were Culex pipiens complex, with an ovarian development ratio of 5.43%. The proportions of blood sucking and fat body accumulation were 1.09% and 15.22%, respectively. After control, the positive rate of mosquitoes in standing water habitats was 0, and the mean adult mosquito density was 0.21 mosquitoes/room·h, which was significantly lower than that before control (F=3.186, P=0.001). During the same period, the adult mosquito density in the uncontrolled underground space was 6.49 mosquitoes/room·h, which was significantly higher than that in the controlled sites (F=2.823, P=0.005). Conclusion In winter, there are still mosquito breeding in the underground areas of Jing'an district, Shanghai. Using 1% temephos granules to control the breeding sites such as rainwater wells and water-collecting wells can effectively reduce the mosquito density.

Key words: Underground space, Culex pipiens molestus, Control, Overwintering

中图分类号:

R384.1

陈红, 周毅彬, 单宁. 上海市静安区地下空间冬季蚊虫组成及控制研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(5): 571-574.

CHEN Hong, ZHOU Yi-bin, SHAN Ning. A study of mosquito composition and control in underground spaces of Jing'an district, Shanghai, China in winter[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(5): 571-574.

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