【摘要】　基因预测一般指预测DNA序列中编码蛋白质的部分。其方法主要有两大类：一类是基于相似性的预测方法，即利用已知的mRNA或蛋白质序列为线索在DNA序列中搜寻所对应的片段，达到基因预测的目的；另一类是基于统计学模型的从头预测方法，即利用统计学模型训练出相应参数，再对基因进行预测，这种方法可不依赖已知的DNA序列进行预测。现就基因预测的方法、基因预测中存在的一些问题等做一概述。

　　【Abstract】　Objective　To assess the killing efficacy of three  photosensitizers such as rose bengal（RB）, erythrosin B and  α-terthiophe to the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes albopictus in the laboratory and the field. Methods　The number of dead larvae was recorded after application of RB, erythrosin B and α-terthiophen at different illumination conditions, and experimental parameters affecting photoinsecticidal was analyzed. The toxicity mechanism of RB, erythrosin B and α-terthiophen was studied by histochemistry method.  Results　RB, erythrosin B and α-terthiophen showed less activity in dark .  The killing effect to larvae could reach 100% using 10 or 25 μg/ml RB and 100 or 150 μg/ml erythrosin B after exposed to 320×102 lx of light intensity generated by daylight lamp (100 W) for 6 h. The killing effect of α-terthiophen also achieved 100% at the concentration of 1 μg/ml after exposure to moderate or low intensity sunlight for 5 h. Erythrosin B and α-terthiophen was applied to control Ae.albopictus larvae in the clear water or muddy water of the field respectively. The result showed the killing rates of RB and α-terthiophen were 46% and 49% in the muddy water body, and 67% and 89% in the clear water body. However, that of α-terthiophen reached 98% in the above mentioned water body after continuously exposed to strong sunlight. Severe pathological damage of larvae caused by RB,erythrosin B and α-terthiophen were observed with optical microscopic. The damage were as follows: villus of midgut disappeared,  midgut cells swell and cell nucleus disappeared. Fat body widely distributed under the epidermis and the shape of malpighian tubes was abnormal and its lumens narrowed. Conclusion　RB, erythrosin B and α-terthiophen are high?efficiency and applied photo-insecticides.

Objective To analyze the overall situation and development trends of professionals in pest control organization (PCO) in China. Methods The staff composition (including practice time, age and education background), training, remuneration and health insurance in this domestic industry were compared with the foreign counterparts. Results Professionals in China’s PCO had short practice time, wide-span age distribution, deficient experience, low educational level, unstable performance, poor remuneration and shortage of corresponding occupational health insurance, indicating significant difference with the same industry in foreign countries. Conclusion PCO professionals are the key to the development of an enterprise, or even the whole industry. Their quality is determinant of the industry’s overall service quality. With the overall improvement of the quality of PCO professionals in China, this industry will achieve rapid development and present a new image.

The calculation procedure of KT₅₀ of pesticides was conducted with SPSS 15.0, with a full explanation of the main outputs and detailed discussion of the issues that needs to be taken seriously in designing the experiment and processing the data.

　　【摘要】　吡虫啉浓度对白蚁杀灭效果、进食性、穿透性等方面起主导作用。同时吡虫啉的药剂剂型及其施用方式、外围环境（微生物、土壤质地、光、水等）和白蚁种类及品级等会影响吡虫啉作用效果。为了更好地防治白蚁，建议根据具体情况适量增减吡虫啉的施用浓度，以达到最佳效果。

The DNA barcode technology enables rapid, accurate detection and identification of species through the use of short standardized DNA fragments. This paper reviews the major research methods, advancing progress and current difficulties and controversies of DNA barcodes, the possibility of global adoption of this technology and the highlights in the DNA barcode research at the present, and analyzes the prospect of domestic application of this technology.

Dengue fever (DF), widely prevalent in the tropic and subtropic regions, is an important infectious disease transmitted by mosquito biting. With the global climatic warming and rapid development of the tourism and transport industry, the geographic distribution of Aedes aegypti as the major vector of DF virus has changed in China, with the variation of its ecological behaviors occurring in response to the measures long taken for mosquito control. Researches on the relationship between Aedes aegypti and the spreading of dengue virus have showed that both the horizontal and the vertical transmissions are the important patterns for Aedes aegypti to save dengue virus. Aedes aegypti is highly susceptible to dengue virus with a high rate of virus infection. This paper reviews the geographic distribution, ecological behaviors and relationship of Aedes aegypti with DF spreading in China.

　　【Abstract】　Cockroaches are the important vectors. The aim of our paper is to understand the biology and ecology of cockroaches, and analyze the present situation of the damage of cockroaches in China. The investigation finds that the invasive species Blattella germanica has become the dominant species and its damage was increasing in urban in China. A brief review is given on the development of the equipments and methods, their advantages and limitations in the control of cockroaches. Cockroaches also play an important role in the infection and allergy. The research and control of cockroaches in China started one century ago and cockroaches control was a long?term and arduous work as facing the challenge of pesticide resistance and pesticide pollution on environment.  It suggests that it should put the emphasis on environment improvement and chemical control to control cockroach, adding law and regulation control, pesticide control, biological control and genetic control, especially the rotational use of control equipment.

Objective To establish the method for the detection of host odor selection of fleas using the Y-tube olfactometer, and to learn the host selecting behaviors of Ctenocephalides felis felis, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis between white rat and white mice, providing evidence for the study of flea host selection and the relationship of “fleas-host/human-diseases”. Methods With X. cheopis used as the test insect and Y-tube olfactometer as the test device, the effect of Y-tube wind speed, the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and test room light on the flea host selection behaviors were studied. With this method, the host selection behaviors between rats and mice of C. felis felis, X. cheopis and L. segnis laboratory populations were measured. Results It was found that in the period of detection that lasted for 20 min there was no significant differences in the selection behaviors of X. cheopis when the air flow rate was 0.6-1.5 L/min, neither were the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and the changes in light. C. felis felis was found to have significant selectivity for rats by the established method, while X. cheopis and L. segnis had no significantly different behavior response to the rats and mice. Conclusion The host selection behaviors of fleas can be measured with Y-tube olfactometer. Host selection behaviors are helpful in understanding their host specificity and in learning the correlation of “flea-host/human-diseases”.