Abstract:

Objective To establish the method for the detection of host odor selection of fleas using the Y-tube olfactometer, and to learn the host selecting behaviors of Ctenocephalides felis felis, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis between white rat and white mice, providing evidence for the study of flea host selection and the relationship of “fleas-host/human-diseases”. Methods With X. cheopis used as the test insect and Y-tube olfactometer as the test device, the effect of Y-tube wind speed, the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and test room light on the flea host selection behaviors were studied. With this method, the host selection behaviors between rats and mice of C. felis felis, X. cheopis and L. segnis laboratory populations were measured. Results It was found that in the period of detection that lasted for 20 min there was no significant differences in the selection behaviors of X. cheopis when the air flow rate was 0.6-1.5 L/min, neither were the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and the changes in light. C. felis felis was found to have significant selectivity for rats by the established method, while X. cheopis and L. segnis had no significantly different behavior response to the rats and mice. Conclusion The host selection behaviors of fleas can be measured with Y-tube olfactometer. Host selection behaviors are helpful in understanding their host specificity and in learning the correlation of “flea-host/human-diseases”.

Key words: Y?tube olfactometer, Odor, Host selectivity, Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides felis felis, Leptopsylla segnis

摘要：

目的 应用Y型嗅觉仪，建立蚤类对宿主动物气味选择的测定方法，并研究猫栉首蚤、印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤对大白鼠和小白鼠的选择行为，为探究不同蚤种对不同宿主动物的特异性选择和了解“蚤类-宿主动物或人-相关传染病”的关系提供理论依据。方法 以印鼠客蚤为试虫，用Y型嗅觉仪测定风速、Y型管臂管的几何位置、光照对其选择行为的影响，以猫栉首蚤、印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤成蚤为试虫分别测定对大白鼠和小白鼠的选择行为。结果 在测定的20 min内，当空气流速为0.6～1.5 L/min时， Y型管臂管的几何位置和测定环境的光照(30 W日光灯)与黑暗在印鼠客蚤对小白鼠的选择行为中没有显著影响。猫栉首蚤对大白鼠气味具有显著的选择性，而印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤对大白鼠和小白鼠气味的选择性差异无统计学意义。结论 可以用Y型嗅觉仪测定蚤类对宿主动物的选择行为。通过研究蚤的选择行为可以了解其宿主特异性，进一步分析“蚤类-宿主动物或人-相关传染病”的相关关系。

关键词: Y型嗅觉仪, 气味, 宿主选择性, 印鼠客蚤, 猫栉首蚤, 缓慢细蚤