河北省唐山市2010－2020年蚊虫种群密度与季节消长监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解河北省唐山市2010－2020年蚊种构成、种群密度及季节消长情况，为唐山市的蚊虫及蚊媒传染病防控工作提供依据。方法收集整理唐山市2010－2020年采用诱蚊灯法监测不同蚊种的成蚊密度数据，分析不同生境蚊种构成、种群密度及季节消长特征。应用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析，采用χ²检验对蚊种的构成比进行统计分析。结果 2010－2020年唐山市共捕获成蚊24 039只，总蚊密度为1.91只/（灯·h），优势蚊种为淡色库蚊，其次为中华按蚊。淡色库蚊［3.13只/（灯·h）］和三带喙库蚊［0.01只/（灯·h）］均在牲畜棚中密度最高；白纹伊蚊在城镇居民区中密度最高［0.02只/（灯·h）］；中华按蚊在公园中密度最高［0.04只/（灯·h）］。全市11年中蚊密度年际消长总体呈下降趋势，差异有统计学意义（χ²=109.306，P<0.001）。不同生境中以牲畜棚的蚊密度最高，其他依次为医院、农村民房、公园和城镇居民区。在不同生境中，不同蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=349.301，P<0.001）。唐山市不同生境蚊密度均呈单峰曲线，7、8月为蚊虫活动高峰期。结论河北省唐山市优势蚊种为淡色库蚊，蚊密度年际消长总体呈下降趋势，牲畜棚中蚊密度最高，7、8月为蚊虫活动高峰期，应在每年的该时段采取有效的防控措施。

关键词: 蚊密度, 监测, 蚊种构成, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To investigate the mosquito species composition, population density, and seasonal fluctuation in Tangshan, Hebei province, China, 2010-2020, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in Tangshan. Methods Adult mosquito density of different species was monitored using the lamp-trapping method. The mosquito species composition, population density, and seasonal fluctuation were analyzed in different habitats. SPSS 25.0 software was used for data analysis. Differences in mosquito species composition were examined using the χ² test. Results A total of 24 039 adult mosquitoes were captured in Tangshan, 2010-2020, and the overall mosquito density was 1.91 mosquitoes/(lamp·h). The dominant species was Culex pipiens pallens, followed by Anopheles sinensis. The density of Cx. pipiens pallens[3.13 mosquitoes/(lamp·h)) and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus[0.01 mosquitoes/(lamp·h)] were highest in livestock sheds. The density of Aedes albopictus[0.02 mosquitoes/(lamp·h)] was highest in urban residential areas. The density of An. sinensis[0.04 mosquitoes/(lamp·h)] was highest in parks. Mosquito density in Tangshan generally decreased over the past 11 years, with a statistical difference across the years (χ²=109.306, P<0.001). The highest mosquito density was found in livestock sheds, followed by hospitals, rural houses, parks, and urban residential areas. There was a statistical difference in the composition of mosquito species between different habitats (χ²=349.301, P<0.001). The trends of mosquito density in different habitats all showed unimodal distribution, and mosquito activity peaked in July and August. Conclusion Cx. pipiens is the dominant mosquito species in Tangshan. Mosquito density generally decrease over the years and is highest in livestock sheds. Mosquito activity peak in July and August when effective mosquito-control measures should be implemented.

Key words: Mosquito density, Surveillance, Species composition, Seasonal fluctuation

中图分类号:

R384.1

运玲, 王福才, 张岭. 河北省唐山市2010－2020年蚊虫种群密度与季节消长监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(3): 351-355.

YUN Ling, WANG Fu-cai, ZHANG Ling. Surveillance and analysis of mosquito population density and seasonal fluctuation in Tangshan, Hebei province, China, 2010-2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(3): 351-355.

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