贵州省铜仁市2017－2020年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析

丁旭, 任达飞, 张爱华, 高前荣, 龙正锦, 郑佳敏

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.04.017

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2022 , Vol. 33 >Issue 4: 530 - 535

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.04.017

媒介生物监测

贵州省铜仁市2017－2020年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析

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1. 贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院, 贵州贵阳 550025;
2. 铜仁市疾病预防控制中心, 贵州铜仁 554300

丁旭,男,硕士,医师,主要从事疾病预防与控制研究工作,E-mail:1538476684@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-02-28

网络出版日期: 2022-08-12

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Surveillance results of malaria vectors Anopheles in Tongren city of Guizhou province in China, 2017-2020

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1. School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China;
2. Tongren City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China

Received date: 2022-02-28

Online published: 2022-08-12

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摘要

目的掌握贵州省铜仁市消除疟疾后传疟媒介按蚊种类、种群密度、生境和季节分布、活动节律，分析生态环境变化对传疟媒介分布的影响，为应对输入性疟疾继发传播提供参考。方法 2017－2020年在铜仁市采用诱蚊灯通宵捕蚊法和室外通宵双帐人饵诱捕法进行监测，对捕获的按蚊进行形态学分类鉴定并计数，分析传疟媒介种类组成、室内外及其不同生境按蚊种群密度差异以及季节消长趋势。结果 2017－2020年铜仁市各监测点采用诱蚊灯法监测捕获传疟按蚊4 611只，均为中华按蚊，灯诱密度平均为19.05只/（灯·夜），调查场所捕获按蚊数以牲畜棚最多，为3 322只（占72.05%），其次为室外为978只（占21.21%），人房最少为311只（占6.74%）；全市按蚊活动季节以7－8月为高峰期，活动规律呈单峰分布，平均密度高峰为7月下旬[38.84只/（人·夜）]，按蚊夜间总体密度呈先上升后下降趋势，20：00－21：00为全市传疟按蚊活动高峰时段，02：00－03：00进入活动低频期。结论中华按蚊为铜仁市人居环境及周边监测到的唯一传疟媒介，牲畜棚内按蚊密度较高，室外按蚊密度与居民夜间户外活动规律保持一致，有潜在的输入性疟疾引起本地继发传播风险，应继续长期、持续、规范地开展传疟媒介监测。

关键词： 疟疾; 传疟媒介; 按蚊; 监测

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丁旭, 任达飞, 张爱华, 高前荣, 龙正锦, 郑佳敏 . 贵州省铜仁市2017－2020年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022 , 33(4) : 530 -535 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.04.017

Abstract

Objective To investigate the species, population density, habitat, seasonal distribution, and activity rhythm of malaria vectors Anopheles after malaria elimination in Tongren city of Guizhou province in China and the impact of ecological environment change on the distribution of malaria vectors, and to provide a reference for coping with the secondary transmission of imported malaria. Methods In 2017-2020, the all-night light trapping method and the outdoor overnight double-net human-baited trapping methods were used to monitor malaria vectors in Tongren city. The captured Anopheles mosquitoes were classified, identified, and counted based on morphology, and the species composition of malaria vectors and differences in the population density of Anopheles indoors and outdoors and in different habitats were analyzed. Results In 2017-2020, a total of 4 611 malaria vectors were captured by the light trapping method at the surveillance sites of Tongren city, all of which were An. sinensis, and the mean light trapping density was 19.05 mosquitoes/(light·night). Among the investigation sites, livestock sheds had the highest number of 3 322 An. sinensis (72.05%), followed by 978 mosquitoes outdoors (21.21%) and 311 mosquitoes in human rooms (6.74%). Peak activity of An. sinensis in Tongren was observed in July to August, and the activity pattern presented single-peak distribution, with a peak density of 38.84 mosquitoes/(person·night) in late July. The overall nighttime density of An. sinensis first increased and then decreased, with a peak for the activity of An. sinensis at 20:00-21:00 and with the low-frequency period at 02:00-03:00. Conclusion An. sinensis is the only malaria vector monitored in human habitats and surreundings in Tongren city. The population density of An. sinensis is relatively high in livestock sheds, and the outdoor density pattern of An. sinensis is consistent with outdoor activity rhythm of residents at night. There is a potential risk of secondary local transmission caused by imported malaria. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out long-term, continuous, and standardized surveillance of malaria vectors.

Key words： Malaria; Malaria vector; Anopheles; Surveillance

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