云南省2020年肾综合征出血热病例分析和部分地区宿主动物调查

杨卫红, 杨晓龙, 杨丽芬, 邝国鹏, 李华昌, 潘虹, 王娟, 韩茜, 冯云

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.015

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2022 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 394 - 399

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.015

媒介生物传染病

云南省2020年肾综合征出血热病例分析和部分地区宿主动物调查

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1. 云南省地方病防治所, 云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室, 云南大理 671000;
2. 昆明医科大学公共卫生学院, 云南昆明 650500;
3. 临沧市疾病预防控制中心, 云南临沧 677000

杨卫红,男,副主任技师,主要从事狂犬病和肾综合征出血热的监测防控工作,E-mail:yangwh0604@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-02-16

网络出版日期: 2022-06-11

基金资助

云南省医学学科带头人（D-2017055）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才（2019HB052）；徐建国院士工作站（2019YS07）

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Case analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and investigation of host animals in Yunnan province in 2020

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1. Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China;
2. School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China;
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Lincang, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China

Received date: 2022-02-16

Online published: 2022-06-11

Supported by

Medical Discipline Leader in Yunnan Province (No. D-2017055); Reserve Talents of Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders in Yunnan Province (No. 2019HB052); Academician Xu Jian-guo Workstation (No. 2019YS07)

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摘要

目的进一步了解云南省肾综合征出血热（HFRS）宿主动物的种类和汉坦病毒自然感染情况，为云南省HFRS的防控提供科学依据。方法收集2020年全省HFRS疫情资料；在固定监测点（泸西县、楚雄市和祥云县）和流动监测点临沧市（1区7县）进行宿主动物调查，捕获样本进行分类鉴定后，用直接免疫荧光法对肺组织标本进行HFRS抗原检测。结果 2020年云南省共报告HFRS病例213例，发病率为0.44/10万，病例主要集中在大理白族自治州和楚雄彝族自治州，占全省发病数的89.20%。此次调查共捕获宿主动物10属15种1 451只，其中固定监测点宿主动物优势种居民区为褐家鼠，野外为高山姬鼠和大绒鼠；流动监测点居民区优势种为黄胸鼠。固定监测点泸西县、楚雄市和祥云县宿主动物汉坦病毒阳性率分别为14.18%（37/261）、13.60%（17/125）和9.78%（22/225），流动监测点临沧市汉坦病毒阳性率为13.21%（111/840）。阳性宿主动物为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、斯氏家鼠、高山姬鼠、灰麝鼩、大绒鼠、臭鼩和四川短尾鼩。结论云南省啮齿动物和食虫动物中汉坦病毒自然感染普遍存在，近年云南省HFRS发病处于较高的流行水平，因此需在全省加强防鼠灭鼠、病例监测、个人防护和疫苗接种为主的综合防控措施，进一步做好HFRS的监测防控工作。

关键词： 肾综合征出血热; 宿主; 汉坦病毒; 云南省

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杨卫红, 杨晓龙, 杨丽芬, 邝国鹏, 李华昌, 潘虹, 王娟, 韩茜, 冯云 . 云南省2020年肾综合征出血热病例分析和部分地区宿主动物调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022 , 33(3) : 394 -399 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.015

Abstract

Objective To further understand the species of host animals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and their natural infection with hantavirus (HV) in Yunnan province, China, 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for the control and prevention for HFRS in Yunnan. Methods We collected information on HFRS epidemic in Yunnan in 2020 and performed host animal investigation at fixed surveillance sites (Luxi county, Chuxiong city, and Xiangyun county) and mobile surveillance sites (1 district and 7 counties in Lincang city). Animals were captured for classification and identification, and lung tissue specimens were tested for HFRS antigen by direct immunofluorescence method. Results In 2020, a total of 213 patients with HFRS were reported in Yunnan, with an incidence of 0.44/100 000. The patients were mainly located in Dali and Chuxiong prefectures (89.20%). A total of 1 451 host animals in 10 genera and 15 species were captured. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant specie in the fixed surveillance sites, Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys miletus dominated the surveillance sites in the wild, and R. tanezumi was the dominant specie in the residential area of mobile surveillance sites. The HV positive rate in host animals was 14.18% (37/261), 13.60% (17/125), and 9.78% (22/225) at the fixed surveillance sites of Luxi, Chuxiong, and Xiangyun and 13.21% (111/840) at the mobile surveillance site of Lincang. The host animals positive for HV were R. norvegicus, R. tanezumi, R. sladeni, A. chevrieri, Crocidura attenuate, E. miletus, Suncus murinus, and Anourosorex squamipes. Conclusion Glires and insectivorous animals in Yunnan are commonly infected with HV. In recent years, the incidence of HFRS in Yunnan province has been at a high prevalence level. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control measures based on rodent control, case monitoring, personal protection, and vaccination should be strengthened across the province, and the monitoring and control of HFRS should be improved.

Key words： Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; Hosts; Hantavirus; Yunnan

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