目的 了解云南省小型兽类体内外寄生虫感染情况。方法 2016年10月15日至12月16日在云南省西北部和南部山区采用夹日法捕获小型兽类，所捕获小型兽类带回实验室鉴定种类，检查体外寄生虫并鉴定种类，解剖后取病变脏器和肠内寄生虫完成形态学鉴定，SPSS 17.0软件用于统计分析。计数资料以频数和百分比表示，组间率的比较采用χ2检验。结果 共捕获小型兽类5目8科18属44种766只，密度为12.51%。其中滇绒鼠、中华姬鼠、大耳姬鼠、短尾鼩和黄胸鼠为优势种。体外寄生虫携带率为22.06%，蚤、革螨和蜱携带率分别为21.67%、7.83%和1.83%，其中，携带蚤类的小型兽类有27种，占捕获种类的61.36%，携带革螨的小型兽类有24种，占捕获种类的54.54%，携带蜱的小型兽类动物有8种，占捕获种类的18.18%。体内寄生虫感染率为12.27%，肝毛细线虫感染率为6.66%，绦虫感染率为6.92%，其他线虫感染率为0.26%。海拔100~3 999 m之间小型兽类体内、外寄生虫感染较为严重。结论 云南省部分山区小型兽类密度、群落组成多样，小型兽类体内外寄生虫感染率均较高，存在传播相关病媒生物性疾病的风险。
李奔福, 许翔, 吴方伟, 严信留, 字金荣, 彭佳, 保雪莹, 蔡璇, 周子悠, 李春富, 龚正达, 杨亚明
. 云南省部分山区小型兽类体内外寄生虫感染状况调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2019
, 30(2)
: 172
-175
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.02.013
Objective To investigate the infection rate of ecto-and endoparasite of small mammals in Yunnan province, China. Methods From October 15 to December 16, 2016, small mammals were captured using the trap-day method in the northwestern and southern mountainous areas of Yunnan province. The captured small mammals were identified, followed by surface parasite examination and identification. Parasites were collected from diseased organs and intestines after dissection and then identified morphologically. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Categorical data were expressed as frequency and percentage. The χ2 test was used to compare the infection rate between groups. Results A total of 766 small mammals, which belonged to 44 species, 18 genera, 8 families, and 5 orders, were captured, with a total density of 12.51%. The predominant species included Eothenomys eleusis, Apodemus draco, A. latronum, Anourosorex squamipes, and Rattus tanezumi. The infection rate of ectoparasites was 22.06%, including 21.67% fleas, 7.83% gamasid mites and 1.83% ticks, respectively. Among them, 27 species (61.36%) were flea-carrying small mammals, 24 species (54.54%) were gamasid mites, and 8 species (18.18%) were tick-carrying small mammals. The infection rate of endoparasites was 12.27%, with 6.66% for Hepatica capillariasis, 6.92% for tapeworms, and 0.26% for other nematodes. The rate of infection with ecto-and endoparasites was relatively high in the small mammals captured between 100 and 3 999 meters above sea level. Conclusion With high density and diverse species of small mammals in some mountainous areas of Yunnan province, the infection rate of ecto-and endoparasites is relatively high, resulting in risks of diseases transmitted from small mammals to humans.
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