目的 分析广东省云浮市首起登革热疫情特征和传播媒介伊蚊的密度及季节消长规律，探讨登革热流行风险。方法 结合国家疾病监测信息系统和云浮市登革热疫情调查数据，对云浮市首起报告登革热疫情特征进行描述性分析；2014年7－11月全市共设置10个监测点，采用布雷图指数（BI）法监测伊蚊幼虫密度，诱蚊诱卵器法监测伊蚊成蚊密度。结果 2014年云浮市共报告登革热病例22例，发病率为0.91/10万，其中境内输入性登革热病例10例， 本地病例12例。全市伊蚊幼虫密度监测BI为3.46~6.58，云浮市城区诱蚊诱卵指数平均为3.39。结论 云浮市防控登革热工作形势日趋严峻，存在因登革热输入性病例引发本地疫情暴发的低风险；应全面开展蚊媒监测和病例溯源工作，加强对蚊媒密度及相关自然和社会因素研究。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the first dengue fever outbreak as well as the density and seasonal fluctuation of Aedes mosquitoes. Methods The reported cases and epidemiological data of dengue fever and mosquito vectors in Yunfu city were analyzed statistically and described. The density of Aedes larvae was monitored by Bretu index method, and that of adult mosquito populations by mosq-ovitrap method. Results There was 22 cases of dengue fever in Yunfu city in 2014, the incidence was 0.91/100 000, including 10 imported case and 12 local cases. Monitoring the mosquito vectors density in 10 sites during July through November in 2014, Aedes Breteau index fluctuated between 3.46-6.58, Mosq-ovitrap average index was 3.39. Conclusion The prevention and control of dengue fever in Yunfu city warrants more attention, low risk does exist for local outbreaks of dengue fever, suggesting to strengthen mosquito-borne disease surveillance, as well as studies on relevant natural and social factors.