目的 了解云南省腾冲市蚊媒组成及分布特点，为腾冲市虫媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 2012年7月和2013年8月，根据腾冲市地理位置选取南部（新华、蒲川）、中部（中和、清水）和北部（滇滩、固东）6个乡（镇）9个村，采用诱蚊灯通宵捕蚊，对所获蚊虫进行鉴定、解剖、计数和统计学分析。结果 共捕获蚊虫14 266只，隶属于2亚科8属11亚属31种，优势蚊种北部地区为中华按蚊（1 729/3 440，50.26%），中部地区为昆明按蚊（990/2 888，34.28%），南部地区为三带喙库蚊（3 626/7 928，45.74%）。结论 腾冲市蚊媒组成及分布较为复杂，存在多种传染病传播媒介。因此，制定虫媒传染病的防控措施要因地制宜。

Objective To investigate the composition and distribution of mosquitoes, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases in Tengchong city. Methods Six township and nine villages including South region(Xinhua, Puchuan, Middle region(Zhonghe, Qingshui, North region(Diantan, Gudong)were selected and mosquitoes were collected using mosquito lamps in both household and cowhouse, for overnight, the mosquito was indentified, sorted and analyzed statistically. Results A total of 14 266 mosquitoes were collected, composed by 2 subfamilies, 8 genera, 11 subgenera and 31 species. The Anopheles sinensis, An. kunmingensis and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were predominant in the North region(50.26%, 1 729/3 440, Middle region(34.28%, 990/2 888)and South region (45.74%, 3 626/7 928). Conclusion The composition and distribution of mosquitoes in Tengchong city suggested that the vector control interventions should be developed according to local conditions.