目的 检测淄博、青岛、济宁3个地区中华按蚊对DDT、溴氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、马拉硫磷的敏感性, 了解山东省部分地区中华按蚊的抗药性。方法 采用WHO区分剂量标准和方法, 观察首只蚊虫击倒时间、蚊虫击倒率和死亡数量, 根据校正死亡率判断群体抗性级别。结果 淄博、青岛、济宁3个地区的中华按蚊, 接触4%DDT 60 min后击倒率分别为31.78%、22.32%和25.66%, 24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为34.58%、30.40%和24.67%, 均为抗性级别(R);接触0.05%溴氰菊酯60 min后的击倒率分别为40.20%、42.16%和22.73%, 24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为86.58%、61.85%和31.94%, 淄博地区的中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯形成初步抗性(M), 青岛和济宁市的中华按蚊为抗性级别(R);接触0.15%氟氯氰菊酯60 min后的击倒率分别为14.29%、30.10%和13.00%, 24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为66.39%、42.77%和22.05%, 均为抗性级别(R);接触5%马拉硫磷60 min后的击倒率分别为31.19%、49.53%和29.52%, 24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为75.09%、87.18%和81.47%, 淄博地区的中华按蚊对马拉硫磷为抗性级别(R), 青岛和济宁市的中华按蚊形成初步抗性(M)。结论 山东省部分地区的中华按蚊对DDT和氟氯氰菊酯仍有较高的抗药性, 对溴氰菊酯和马拉硫磷也有一定的抗药性和抗击倒力。在蚊媒监测与卫生灭蚊工作中, 应根据不同地区蚊虫的抗药性特点采取合理的防治措施, 加强蚊媒与蚊传疾病的监测预警。

Objective To determine the sensitivity of Anopheles sinensis to DDT, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, and malathion in Zibo, Qingdao, and Jining of Shandong province, China. Methods Anopheles sinensis collected were selected and exposed to insecticide?impregnated papers with discriminating concentrations of DDT, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, and malathion using WHO standard assays. Knock?down rates were recorded at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min of exposure. Mortality resulted from 24 h of exposure was recorded. Resistance was graded according to adjusted mortality rate. Results After exposure to 4% DTT for 60 min, the knock?down rates of An. sinensis in Zibo, Qingdao, and Jining were 31.78%, 22.32%, and 25.66%, respectively. The mortality rates at 24 h after exposure were 34.58%, 30.40%, and 24.67%, respectively. The resistance level of An. sinensis to DDT in the three areas was evaluated as “R”. After exposure to 0.05% deltamethrin for 60 min, the knock?down rates of An. sinensis in Zibo, Qingdao, and Jining were 40.20%, 42.16%, and 22.73%, respectively. The mortality rates at 24 h after exposure were 86.58%, 61.85%, and 31.94%, respectively. The resistance level of An. sinensis to deltamethrin was evaluated as “M” in Zibo and “R” in Qingdao and Jining. After exposure to cyfluthrin for 60 min, the knock?down rates of An. sinensis in Zibo, Qingdao, and Jining were 14.29%, 30.10%, and 13.00%, respectively. The mortality rates at 24 h after exposure were 66.39%, 42.77%, and 22.05%, respectively. The resistance level of An. sinensis to cyfluthrin in the three areas was evaluated as “R”. After exposure to malathion for 60 min, the knock?down rates of An. sinensis in Zibo, Qingdao, and Jining were 31.19%, 49.53%, and 29.52%, respectively. The mortality rates at 24 h after exposure were 75.09%, 87.18%, and 81.47%, respectively. The resistance level of An. sinensis to malathion was evaluated as “R” in Zibo and “M” in Qingdao and Jining. Conclusion The resistance of An. sinensis to DDT and cyfluthrin remains high in some areas of Shandong. The resistance and anti?knockdown potential of An. sinensis to deltamethrin and malathion are also high. The status of insecticide resistance in different areas of Shandong province should be further studied in order to optimize surveillance and management programs.