目的 了解郴州市疟疾流行特征及监测效果, 为疟疾防治和消除提供科学依据。方法 运用描述性流行病学方法对郴州市2003－2012年疟疾流行病学及监测资料进行统计分析。结果 郴州市2003－2012年共报告疟疾病例41例, 年平均发病率为0.09/10万, 死亡1例, 无暴发疫情;其中间日疟24例(58.54%), 恶性疟15例(36.58%), 三日疟2例(4.88%);本地病例4例(9.76%), 输入性病例37例(90.24%), 93.33%(14/15)的恶性疟病例均由非洲输入;发热患者血检107 975人次, 阳性率为3.43/万, 疟疾病例实验室检测率和确诊率均为100%;传疟媒介主要以中华按蚊为主(86.04%), 蚊密度高峰出现在7－8月。结论 郴州市基本消除疟疾后, 疟疾疫情控制在较低水平, 病例以输入性为主, 在今后的疟疾防治和消除工作中, 应加强流动人口监测和发热患者血检。

Objective To study the epidemiological features and surveillance of malaria in Chenzhou, Hunan province, China and to provide a scientific basis for malaria control and elimination. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis of epidemiological and surveillance data of malaria in Chenzhou from 2003 to 2012. Results Forty?one malaria cases were reported in Chenzhou from 2003 to 2012, including 24 cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria (58.54%), 15 cases of P. falciparum malaria (36.58%), and 2 cases of quartan malaria (4.88%), with an average annual incidence of 0.09/100 000, one fatal case, and no epidemic outbreak. There were 4 indigenous cases (9.76%) and 37 imported cases (90.24%), and 93.33% (14/15) of P. falciparum malaria cases were imported from Africa. The positive rate of febrile cases (107 975 person?times) who underwent blood tests was 3.43/10 000. The laboratory detection and confirmatory diagnosis were both 100% among malaria cases. Anopheles sinensis was the main vector of malaria (86.04%), and the peak period of mosquito density was from July to August. Conclusion In Chenzhou, the incidence of malaria is controlled at a low level and the malaria cases are mostly imported after malaria has been basically eliminated. Surveillance of migrants and blood tests in febrile cases should be strengthened in malaria prevention and elimination.