关键词: 疟疾, 流行特征, 监测效果

Abstract: Objective To study the epidemiological features and surveillance of malaria in Chenzhou, Hunan province, China and to provide a scientific basis for malaria control and elimination. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis of epidemiological and surveillance data of malaria in Chenzhou from 2003 to 2012. Results Forty?one malaria cases were reported in Chenzhou from 2003 to 2012, including 24 cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria (58.54%), 15 cases of P. falciparum malaria (36.58%), and 2 cases of quartan malaria (4.88%), with an average annual incidence of 0.09/100 000, one fatal case, and no epidemic outbreak. There were 4 indigenous cases (9.76%) and 37 imported cases (90.24%), and 93.33% (14/15) of P. falciparum malaria cases were imported from Africa. The positive rate of febrile cases (107 975 person?times) who underwent blood tests was 3.43/10 000. The laboratory detection and confirmatory diagnosis were both 100% among malaria cases. Anopheles sinensis was the main vector of malaria (86.04%), and the peak period of mosquito density was from July to August. Conclusion In Chenzhou, the incidence of malaria is controlled at a low level and the malaria cases are mostly imported after malaria has been basically eliminated. Surveillance of migrants and blood tests in febrile cases should be strengthened in malaria prevention and elimination.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiological features, Surveillance effectiveness