关键词: 嗜人按蚊, 疟疾, 防治对策, 现场应用

Abstract:

【Abstract】　Objective　Provide scientific, economic and effective control strategies and surveillance methods for malaria control and elimination in the epidemic areas transmitted mainly by Anopheles anthropophagus as main vector in Yunnan province. Methods　The study  was  carried  out  according  to  the  methods  formulated  by  the execution  plan  of  malaria  integrated  control  strategies in An.anthropophagus distribution areas.  Results　An. anthropophagus distributed in 35 counties in Yunnan province, which was the main malaria vector at 8 counties of northeast Yunnan.  Different malaria control strategies were selected according to malaria incidences. Indoor residue spraying of DDT (or other insecticides) and nets treated by deltamethrin were used in the areas where malaria incidence was higher than 10 per ten thousand population. Eight days radical treatment (chloroquine 1200 mg＋primaquine 180 mg) was used to cure patient. These patients who had malaria attack history during malaria season of the year would been given primaquine 180 mg (taken it divided into 8 days) for the elimination of malaria in the period of malaria cease transmission season. Chloroquine 600 mg (taken by 1 day) and primaquine 45 mg (taken it divided into 2 days) was used for the fiver patient. If a malaria outbreak occurred, 4 days chemoprophylaxis need be adopted by choloriquine 1200 mg (taken it divded into 3 days) and primaquine 90 mg (taken it divided into 4 days) to the people where malaria outbreak. In the areas where malaria incidence was from 1 per ten thousand to 10 per ten thousand population, it could adopt 8 days medicine treatment (chloroquine 1200 mg＋primaquine 180 mg) and nets treatment by deltamethrin.  In the area that malaria incidence was lower than 1 per ten thousands, 8 days medicine treatment (chloroquine 1200 mg＋primaquine 180 mg) was used to the cure of patients.  Malaria incidences got a great drop by using the above strategies in the field during 2002-2006. Conclusion　It would provide the science evidence for the establishment of vector control measure by the investigation of distribution rang, distribution characteristics and regularity of An.anthropophagus in Yunnan. The above control strategies in the areas with different incidences solved the key technical problem for the malaria control, which had appeared a good economic and social benefit during 2002-2006.

Key words: Anopheles anthropophagus, Malaria, Control strategy, Field application