中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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塔里木盆地啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落结构及其聚类分析

张渝疆;曹汉礼;戴翔;艾泽孜;蒋卫;阿布力克木;李冰;阿不力米提;雷刚;热孜万;梁新海;刘鸿斌;于心;冯崇惠   

  1. 新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心鼠防科 乌鲁木齐830002
  • 出版日期:2006-08-20 发布日期:2006-08-20

Community Structure and Cluster Analysis of Ectoparasites on Rodents in the Tarim Basin

ZHANG Yu-jiang; CAO Han-li; DAI Xiang; Azaz; JIANG Wei; Abulikm; LI Bing; Abulimt; LEI Gang; Rezwan; LIANG Xin-hai; LIU Hong-bin; YU Xin ; FENG Chong-hui   

  1. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
  • Online:2006-08-20 Published:2006-08-20

摘要: 目的 掌握塔里木盆地啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落组成、结构和分类。方法 根据地理区划和生境类型选择调查点,按样方法捕获啮齿动物,对体外寄生虫进行单独鉴定,采用群落生态学技术方法,计算各鼠类、蚤类群落的组成和结构参数,并采用聚类分析的方法,对该地区啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落进行分类。结果 在塔里木盆地共捕获啮齿动物7种351只,检获体外寄生蚤10种683只,蜱类3种321只,螨621只,虱29只,构建7个鼠类、蚤类群落;子午沙鼠体外寄生蚤的蚤指数、丰富度和多样性3项指标均较高,对该地区啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落的构成和稳定起到了积极作用,三趾跳鼠体外寄生虫群落与子午沙鼠存在一定的互补性,对维持塔里木盆地蚤类群落结构亦具有重要的作用。结论 经聚类分析可将塔里木盆地7种啮齿动物体外寄生虫群落聚类为4个类型:(1)短耳沙鼠、小林姬鼠、灰仓鼠和小家鼠体外寄生虫群落;(2)三趾跳鼠体外寄生虫群落;(3)大耳跳鼠体外寄生虫群落;(4)子午沙鼠体外寄生虫群落。

关键词: 啮齿动物, 体外寄生虫, 群落, 结构, 分类, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: Objective To grasp the community composition,structure and classification of ectoparasites on rodents in the Tarim Basin. Methods According to geographical division and habitat type the survey sites were selected,rodents were captured by quadrat and their ectoparasites were collected and identified separately. With the method of community ecology,the community constitution and structure parameter of all fleas on the rodents were calculated. The community of ectoparasites on the rodent in the area was classified by way of cluster analysis. Results There were total 351 rodents of 7 species captured in the Basin. And 683 parasitic fleas of 10 species,321 ticks of 3 species,621 mites and 29 lice were obtained. All of that constructed 7 flea-communities of rodents. The flea index,richness and diversity of parasitic fleas of Meriones meridianus were high,which played active role in the constitution and stability of ectoparasite community on rodents in the area. There was complementarity between the ectoparasite community of Salpingotus kozlovi and Meriones meridianus. It was important to keep the community structure of fleas in the Tarim Basin. Conclusion By cluster analysis,the ectoparasite community of 7 kinds of rodents in the Tarim Basin can be divided into 4 types: (1) Ectoparasite community of Brachiones,Apodemus sylvaticus,Cricetulus migratorius and Mus musculus. (2) Ectoparasite community of Salpingotus kozlovi. (3) Ectoparasite community of Euchoreutes naso. (4) Ectoparasite community of Meriones meridianus.