中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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三峡库区涪陵段1964至1993年肾综合征出血热的流行趋势

张胜臻; 李优良; 刘洪; 蒋明洲   

  1. 四川省涪陵地区卫生防疫站648000
  • 出版日期:1995-04-20 发布日期:1995-04-20

The Trend of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal syndrome(HFRS)Epidemics in Fuling Sector of the Sanmen Gorge Reservoir District from 1964 to 1993

Zhang sheng-zhen;et al   

  1. Fuling District Hygiene and Epidemic Prevention Station,Fuling,Sichuan Privince 64800
  • Online:1995-04-20 Published:1995-04-20

摘要: 本文对三峡库区涪陵段1964~1993年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行趋势作了某些分析,旨在兴建、开发三峡库区时为防治本病提供一定的依据。30年中发病乡(镇)的扩大与发现,以1964~1969年较为突出,占累计发病乡(镇)总数的27.59%,在嗣后的24年(1970~1993年)间仍以平均每年3.8个疫区的新发现渐进式扩大,可见三峡库区涪陵段HFRS疫区的发现与扩大仍未结束;发病率在80年代(6.58/10万)急剧上升,较60年代(3.53/10万)和70年代(2.51/10万)发病总数高1.83倍,90年代的发病率(1O.54/10万)较前26年上升57.49%;病例围绕高、中发疫区向心性集中,流行强度则离心性递减;在涪陵段的长江南岸、乌江北岸以集簇性暴发为主,长江北岸、乌江南岸为散在发病;呈5~7月(占27.03%)、10~12月(占45.79%)“双峰”型季节性发病高峰,1~4、8、9月份为非流行季节,其病例占总发病数的27.17%;每5~7年出现l次周期性发病高峰,高峰年的发病率与该地区整体发病率一致,似呈上升趋势;68.76%的病人集中在20~49岁人群,农民发病占83.35%,男女之比为2.5:1。疫区及疫源地以野鼠型为主,混合型次之,家鼠型也存在。

关键词: 肾综合征出血热, 流行趋势

Abstract: The Trend of HFRS epidemics in Fuling Sector of the Sanmen Gorge Reservoir District was analysed. The expansion and the finding of medium morbidity villages(towns) were prominent(27.59%)in the period of 1964-1969.On the average, 3.8 new epidemic areas were found each year ia the period of 1970─1993.The morbidity abruptly rose in 1980s(6.58/100000), which was 1.83-fold higher than the total number of cases in 1960s(3.53/100000)and in 1970s(2.51/100000). The morbidity(10.54/000)in 1990s increased 57.4% than that 26 years ago. Cases surroun-ding high and medium morbidity epidemic areas concentrated centripetally. The intensity of epidemics decreased progressively and centrifugally. On the south bank of the Yangtse River and on the north bank of the WuRiver in the Fuling Sector, this disease occurred mainly in clustered outbreaks, whereas on the north bank of the Yangtse River and on the south bank of the Wu River, it occurred sporadically,Non-epidemic months were from January to April, August and Sep-tember.Cases occurred in these months accounted for 27.17% of the total. Aperidoical peak of this disease appeared every 5─7 years. 68.76% of patients concentr-ated in the age range of 20─49.83.35% were farmers. The ratio of male to female was 2.5:1. The natural nidi were chiefly the wild rat-type. The mixec type was the next.The house rat-type also existed.