山东省2010－2020年餐饮行业蜚蠊监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.05.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解山东省餐饮行业蜚蠊种类构成和季节消长规律,为蜚蠊的科学防制提供依据。方法2010－2016年逐月及2017－2020年的奇数月在山东省餐饮行业蜚蠊监测点开展蜚蠊监测,采用粘捕法捕获蜚蠊,Excel 2010软件进行监测数据的录入与整理,R 4.1.1软件进行蜚蠊种类构成、粘捕率和密度分析,其中,采用χ²检验对蜚蠊的种群构成情况、不同年份及不同地区蜚蠊的粘捕率进行分析,蜚蠊粘捕率的时间变化趋势采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验。结果共捕获蜚蠊15 521只,其中,德国小蠊15 481只,构成比为99.74%；美洲大蠊6只,其他种类蜚蠊34只,构成比分别为0.04%和0.22%。蜚蠊平均粘捕率为13.07%,平均密度为0.83只/张。济宁市餐饮行业蜚蠊的平均密度最高,为2.04只/张；东营市餐饮行业蜚蠊粘捕率最高,平均粘捕率为24.50%。山东省餐饮行业蜚蠊粘捕率总体呈下降趋势（Z=-15.200,P<0.001）。蜚蠊密度和粘捕率在夏秋季最高,多在9月出现高峰。结论山东省餐饮行业以德国小蠊为优势种类,蜚蠊粘捕率总体呈下降趋势,但平均粘捕率仍较高,应根据餐饮行业的生境特征采取可持续控制和综合治理措施,有效控制蜚蠊密度。

关键词: 蜚蠊, 餐饮行业, 密度, 粘捕率

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species composition and seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches in catering industry in Shandong Province, China, so as to provide a basis for scientific control of cockroaches.Methods The cockroaches were captured by using sticky traps at the surveillance sites of the catering industry of Shandong Province in each month of 2010-2016 and odd-numbered months of 2017-2020. The surveillance data were compiled using Excel 2010 software. R 4.1.1 was used to conduct statistical analyses of the species composition, sticky trapping rate, and density of cockroaches. The χ² test was used to analyze the population composition and the sticky trapping rate of cockroaches in different years and different regions. The temporal trend of the sticky trapping rate was determined using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.Results A total of 15 521 cockroaches were captured at the catering industry surveillance sites in Shandong Province during 2010 to 2020, including 15 481 Blattella germanica cockroaches (composition ratio, 99.74%), 6 Periplaneta americana cockroaches (composition ratio, 0.04%), and 34 cockroaches of other species (composition ratio, 0.22%). The average sticky trapping rate was 13.07%, and the average density was 0.83 cockroaches/trap. The average density of cockroaches in the catering industry of Jining was the highest, which was 2.04 cockroaches/trap. The sticky trapping rate in the catering industry of Dongying was the highest, with an average sticky trapping rate of 24.50%. The overall sticky trapping rate showed a decreasing trend in the catering industry of Shandong Province (Z=-15.200, P<0.001). The density and the sticky trapping rate of cockroaches peaked in summer and autumn, mostly in September.Conclusions B. germanica was the dominant species in the catering industry of Shandong Province. The overall sticky trapping rate showed a decreasing trend, but the average sticky trapping rate was high. Sustainable control and comprehensive management measures should be taken according to the habitat characteristics of catering industry to effectively control the density of cockroaches.

Key words: Cockroach, Catering industry, Density, Sticky trapping rate

中图分类号:

R384.9

梁倩, 刘文杰, 马伟, 孙钦同, 刘言, 曹馨月, 王学军. 山东省2010－2020年餐饮行业蜚蠊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(5): 648-653.

LIANG Qian, LIU Wen-jie, MA Wei, SUN Qin-tong, LIU Yan, CAO Xin-yue, WANG Xue-jun. An analysis of cockroach surveillance results in catering industry in Shandong Province, China, 2010-2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(5): 648-653.

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