Ecological surveillance of adult mosquitoes in Jiading district, Shanghai from 2018 to 2020

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.006

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species, population density, habitat distribution, and seasonal trend of adult mosquitoes in Jiading district, Shanghai, China in recent years, and to provide a scientific basis for the control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Adult mosquitoes were monitored by the CO₂-baited baited light trap method in various habitats from 2018 to 2020, and analyzed mosquito species composition, seasonal fluctuation, and density differences between various habitats.Differences in mosquito species composition were examined using Chi-squared test, and ANOVA was used to analyze differences of density in different habitats. Results Culex pipiens pallens accounted for the highest proportion (82.70%) of the captured mosquitoes, followed by Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (10.32%) and Aedes albopictus (5.49%). The composition ratio of each mosquito species was significantly different in different years (P ≤ 0.001). The densities of Cx. pipiens pallens and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus peaked in June and July, respectively, being 2.28 and 0.39 mosquitoes/lamp·h, respectively. The peak periods of Ae. albopictus and Anopheles sinensis lasted for a longer time, appearing from June to September and from July to September, respectively. Among various types of habitats, the average mosquito density was highest in hospitals (1.41 mosquitoes/lamp·h) and lowest in parks (0.25 mosquitoes/lamp·h). Cx. pipiens pallens was the absolutely dominant species in all monitored habitats. The densities of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (0.51 mosquitoes/lamp·h) and An. sinensis (0.07 mosquitoes/lamp·h) in livestock sheds were significantly much higher than their densities in other habitats (F=3.763, P=0.012; F=6.194, P<0.001). The peak time of Ae. albopictus varied greatly in different habitats. During the peak season of mosquito activity, Ae. albopictus densities in hospitals and parks showed a decrease followed by an increase, with the decline occurring in August and June, respectively. Conclusion The density of mosquitoes in Jiading district is generally at a relatively low level. However, mosquito control in hospitals, livestock sheds, and residential areas should be strengthened. Targeted, scientific, and effective control strategies should be taken according to the activity patterns of different mosquito species.

Key words: Mosquito, Surveillance, Habitat, Seasonal fluctuation

摘要： 目的了解上海市嘉定区近年来成蚊种类、种群密度、分布生境及季节趋势等，为嘉定区蚊媒防制和蚊媒传染病控制提供科学依据。方法 2018－2020年采用CO₂诱蚊灯法监测嘉定区不同生境成蚊密度，整理分析监测数据，分析蚊虫的种类构成、季节消长趋势、不同生境蚊虫密度差异。用χ²检验比较不同构成比的差异，用单因素方差分析比较对不同生境的蚊密度差异。结果淡色库蚊构成比最高（82.70%），其次为三带喙库蚊（10.32%）、白纹伊蚊（5.49%）；不同年份各蚊种构成比不同，差异有统计学意义（P≤0.001）。淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊的密度峰值分别出现在6和7月，密度分别为2.28和0.39只/（灯·h），白纹伊蚊和中华按蚊高峰时段持续时间较长，分别出现在6－9月和7－9月。在不同的生境类型中，医院监测平均蚊密度最高，达1.41只/（灯·h），公园密度最低，为0.25只/（灯·h）。淡色库蚊为各监测生境中绝对优势蚊种，三带喙库蚊和中华按蚊在牲畜棚中的密度远高于其他生境，密度分别为0.51和0.07只/（灯·h），差异均有统计学意义（F=3.736，P=0.012；F=6.194，P=0.001）。白纹伊蚊不同环境中峰值出现时间差异较大，且在蚊虫活动高峰季节，医院和公园环境白纹伊蚊密度出现先降后升的现象，下降的时间点分别为8和6月。结论嘉定区蚊密度总体处于比较低的水平，但应加强医院、牲畜棚、居民区等生境的蚊虫防制，对于不同的蚊种，应根据蚊虫活动规律采取针对性、科学、有效的防控策略。

关键词: 蚊虫, 监测, 环境类型, 季节消长

CLC Number:

R384.1

WANG Qiao-yan, WANG Shao-hua, WU Zheng-rong, ZHONG Pei-song, LENG Pei-en. Ecological surveillance of adult mosquitoes in Jiading district, Shanghai from 2018 to 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(3): 346-350.

王巧燕, 王韶华, 武峥嵘, 钟培松, 冷培恩. 上海市嘉定区2018－2020年成蚊生态学监测研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(3): 346-350.

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