目的 了解中国内蒙古自治区（内蒙古）布氏田鼠病原体携带状况，为鼠源疾病的风险评估和预测预警提供科学依据。方法 2022年5月－2023年9月在内蒙古东部9个样地捕获布氏田鼠并进行解剖，通过荧光定量PCR（qPCR）/反转录qPCR（RT-qPCR）进行8种病原体检测，使用t检验、χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法分析不同季节、地点、性别、寄生虫携带状态等条件下布氏田鼠病原体阳性率的差异。结果 本研究共捕获布氏田鼠1 032只，占捕获总鼠数的51.27%，检测样本中巴尔通体阳性率为30.42%（73/240），致病性钩端螺旋体阳性率为6.67%（16/240），其余病原体阳性率均<5.00%。不同季节巴尔通体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=16.123，P<0.001），秋季阳性率最高，为42.47%（31/73），不同地点巴尔通体、钩端螺旋体阳性率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=20.818，P<0.001； P=0.043），不同性别、寄生虫携带状态间病原体阳性率差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。测序比对结果显示内蒙古布氏田鼠感染的巴尔通体数量由多至少分别为格拉汉姆巴尔通体27株、Candidatus Bartonella rudakovii 15株、道志巴尔通体2株。结论 内蒙古地区布氏田鼠携带多种病原体，以巴尔通体、钩端螺旋体居多。自南向北采样地温度递减，巴尔通体阳性率递增，春季、夏季和秋季阳性率也呈现递增趋势，应加强呼伦贝尔地区巴尔通体监测，做好秋季个人防护。
王璐, 郝馨凝, 尚猛, 姜宛均, 汪子豪, 郭忱然, 冀好强, 王振旭, 刘起勇
. 2022－2023年内蒙古东部地区布氏田鼠病原体携带状况调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2025
, 36(2)
: 268
-273
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DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2025.02.020
Objective To investigate the pathogens carried by Lasiopodomys brandtii in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia), China, so as to provide a scientific basis for risk assessment and the prediction and early warning of rodent-borne diseases. Methods From May 2022 to September 2023, L. brandtii individuals were captured and dissected in 9 plots in eastern Inner Mongolia. These rodent individuals were dissected for the detection of eight pathogens using fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) and reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR). The t-test,Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the differences in pathogen positive rates across seasons, location, and sex and parasite carriage status of rodents. Results A total of 1 032 L. brandtii individuals were captured in this study, accounting for 51.27% of the total number of captured rodents. The positive rates were 30.42% (73/240) for Bartonella, 6.67% (16/240) for Leptospira, and <5.00% for other pathogens. The positive rate of Bartonella was significantly different in different seasons (χ2=16.123, P<0.001), and the highest positive rate was 42.47% (31/73) in autumn. The positive rates of Bartonella and Leptospira were significantly different in various sites (χ2=20.818, P<0.001; P=0.043). There were no significant differences in pathogen positive rate based on sex and parasite carriage status of rodents (all P>0.05). The sequencing and alignment results showed that the L. brandtii in Inner Mongolia was infected with various Bartonella species, mainly including Bartonella grahamii (27 isolates), Candidatus Bartonella rudakovii (15 isolates), and Bartonella doshiae (2 isolates). Conclusions Various pathogens were carried by L. brandtii in Inner Mongolia, primarily including Bartonella and Leptospira. The positive rate of Bartonella increased in sampling sites from south to north with decreasing temperature and from spring to summer and to autumn. The surveillance of Bartonella should be strengthened in the Hulunbuir region and personal protection should be emphasized in autumn.
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