目的 了解2019－2023年浙江省金华市发热伴血小板减少综合征（SFTS）的流行病学特征和就诊情况，为金华市SFTS防控提供参考依据。方法 收集2019－2023年金华市84例SFTS病例信息，描述性分析SFTS病例的三间分布，利用Excel 2016、SPSS 27.0软件进行统计分析，用独立样本t检验、χ2检验等方法分析发病率和病死率的影响因素，运用ArcGIS 10.8软件绘制以县（市、区）为单位的病例数地图。结果 2019－2023年金华市SFTS平均发病率为0.26/10万，病死率为26.19%；84例病例的男女性别比为1.05∶1，男性与女性累积发病率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.008， P=0.928），报告病例以中老年农民为主，平均年龄（65.46±10.07）岁，病例中农民占88.10%；除武义县外，全市其他8个县（市、区）均有SFTS病例报告，病例数居前3位的县（市、区）为东阳（35.71%）、义乌（21.43%）和兰溪市（20.24%）；金华市SFTS发病集中于夏、秋季，4－10月发病数占总报告病例数的95.24%（80/84），发病高峰期为5－7月，占总病例数的64.29%；男女病死率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.017， P=0.897），死亡病例的平均年龄大于存活病例（t=2.817， P=0.006）；≥70岁病例病死率高于40～<60岁病例病死率（χ2=8.255， P=0.016）；发病至首次就诊、发病至确诊以及首次就诊至确诊时间间隔的M（P25，P75）分别为2.00（1.00，4.00） d、6.50（5.00，9.00） d和4.00（2.00，6.00） d。结论 金华市SFTS患者以中老年农民为主，发病具有明显的季节性，病死率较高，病例年龄大是影响SFTS病死率的主要危险因素。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and medical consultation status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China, 2019-2023, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of SFTS in Jinhua. Methods The information of 84 SFTS cases in Jinhua from 2019 to 2023 was collected. The temporal, spacial, and demographic distributions of SFTS cases were examined using descriptive statistics. Excel 2016 and SPSS 27.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis. Factors influencing the incidence rate and fatality rate of SFTS were identified using independent samples t test and Chi-square test. ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to draw a map of the number of cases at the county (city, district) level. Results From 2019 to 2023, the average incidence rate and fatality rate of SFTS in Jinhua were 0.26/100 000 and 26.19%, respectively. The male-to-female ratio of the 84 cases was 1.05:1, with no significant difference in the cumulative incidence between males and females (χ2=0.008, P=0.928). Most cases occurred in middle-aged and elderly farmers, with a mean age of (65.46±10.07) years, and farmers accounted for the majority of the cases (88.10%). SFTS cases were reported in eight counties (cities, districts) except Wuyi County. The top three counties (cities, districts) with the highest number of cases were Dongyang (35.71%), Yiwu (21.43%), and Lanxi (20.24%). The incidence of SFTS in Jinhua was concentrated in summer and autumn, with the number of cases reported from April to October accounting for 95.24% (80/84) of the total number of reported cases, peaking from May to July (64.29% of total cases). There was no significant difference in case fatality rate between males and females (χ2=0.017, P=0.897). The average age of fatal cases was higher than that of survivors (t=2.817, P=0.006). The fatality rate was higher in patients aged ≥70 years compared to those aged 40- <60 years (χ2=8.255, P=0.016). The M (P25, P75) from onset to first visit, from onset to diagnosis, and from first visit to diagnosis were 2.00 (1.00, 4.00) d, 6.50 (5.00, 9.00) d, and 4.00 (2.00, 6.00) d, respectively. Conclusions The SFTS cases in Jinhua predominantly occurred among middle-aged and elderly farmers, with obvious seasonality and high fatality rate. Advanced age is a key risk factor for the case fatality rate of SFTS.
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