媒介生物监测媒介生物监测

2017-2023年四川省宜宾市登革热媒介伊蚊监测结果分析

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  • 宜宾市疾病预防控制中心急性传染病预防控制科/性病艾滋病预防控制科, 四川 宜宾 644000
刘燿,男,主管医师,主要从事疾病预防控制工作,E-mail:496019625@qq.com

收稿日期: 2024-11-28

  网络出版日期: 2025-05-09

Surveillance of Aedes mosquitoes as vectors of dengue fever in Yibin, Sichuan Province, China, 2017-2023

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  • Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/Department of Sexually Transmitted Disease and AIDS Prevention and Control, Yibin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China

Received date: 2024-11-28

  Online published: 2025-05-09

摘要

目的 分析2017-2023年四川省宜宾市媒介伊蚊密度水平及变化趋势,为登革热防控提供科学依据。方法 2017-2023年每年5-10月,采用布雷图指数(BI)法和双层叠帐法在宜宾市各蚊虫监测点进行监测,计算BI、容器指数(CI)、房屋指数(HI)和帐诱指数,运用SPSS 27.0软件对数据进行统计分析,采用Spearman相关分析评估BI和帐诱指数相关性,χ2检验和Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验比较不同年份、月份白纹伊蚊季节消长、不同容器类型、监测生境等组间的蚊虫监测指标差异。结果 2017-2023年BI为2.50~16.22,CI为3.85%~10.14%,HI为2.33%~10.65%,帐诱指数为0.54~5.72只/(顶·h)。BI整体呈现波动上升趋势,CI和HI变化趋势与BI基本相同,与BI的相关系数分别为0.818(P<0.001)和0.939(P<0.001);BI高峰前移至5-7月,帐诱指数高峰在6-9月,整体均呈双峰分布,BI与帐诱指数存在正相关关系,回归方程为y(帐诱指数)=0.28x(BI)+0.63;盆景、水生植物孳生容器阳性率最高(CI=8.92%),3类生境中公园的帐诱指数最高,为5.04只/(顶·h);168次幼蚊监测中,64次(38.10%)BI显示有登革热传播及以上风险,258次成蚊监测中,47次(18.21%)帐诱指数超过成蚊控制水平。结论 宜宾市BI和帐诱指数均呈现波动上升趋势,登革热传播风险持续存在,应建立长效机制,将伊蚊密度持续控制在传播阈值以下,防止登革热本地疫情的发生发展。

本文引用格式

刘燿, 周萍, 肖权泉, 谭气香, 李嘉琪 . 2017-2023年四川省宜宾市登革热媒介伊蚊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2025 , 36(2) : 165 -170 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2025.02.005

Abstract

Objective To analyze the density levels and change patterns of vector Aedes mosquitoes in Yibin, Sichuan Province, China, 2017-2023, so as to provide a scientific basis for dengue fever prevention and control. Methods From May to October each year from 2017 to 2023, surveillance was conducted at mosquito surveillance sites in Yibin using the Breteau index (BI) method and the human-baited double-net method. The BI, container index (CI), house index (HI), and human-baited double-net index (HBDNI) were calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0 software. Spearman analysis was performed to assess the correlation between BI and mosquito-net trapping index. Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H rank-sum test were used to compare differences in the density of Ae. albopictus across years, months, seasons, container types, and surveillance habitats. Results From 2017 to 2023, BI ranged from 2.50 to 16.22, CI from 3.85% to 10.14%, HI from 2.33% to 10.65%, and HBDNI from 0.54 to 5.72 individuals/net·h. Overall, BI showed an increasing trend, CI and HI also increased, and the coefficients of their correlations with BI were 0.818 (P<0.001) and 0.939 (P<0.001), respectively. BI peaked in May to July while HBDNI peaked in June to September, both exhibiting bimodal distributions. There was a positive correlation between BI and HBDNI, with a regression equation of y (HBDNI) = 0.28x (BI)+0.63. Bonsai and aquatic plants as breeding containers showed the highest positive rate (CI=8.92%). Among the three habitats, park had the highest HBDNI of 5.04 individuals/net·h. In 168 instances of surveillance for juvenile mosquitoes, 64 (38.10%) showed a risk of dengue transmission and higher levels, while in 258 instances of surveillance for adult mosquitoes, 47 (18.21%) exceeded the control threshold for adult mosquitoes. Conclusions Both the BI and the HBDNI in Yibin increased with fluctuations, indicating a persistent risk of dengue fever transmission. A long-term mechanism should be established to maintain Aedes mosquito density below the transmission threshold to prevent the occurrence and progression of local dengue outbreaks.

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