目的 检测内蒙古自治区（内蒙古）鄂尔多斯高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地土壤中金属含量,探讨土壤中金属元素之间的相关性。方法 对内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地与非疫源地进行土样采集,各采集30个样地。X射线荧光分析仪测量土壤中钾、铁、钙等13种金属元素含量,应用Excel 2019软件录入并整理数据,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行独立样本t检验和Mann-Whitney U 检验分析两地金属含量差异,Spearman秩相关分析各元素含量之间有无相关性。结果 内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地与非疫源地土壤中13种金属元素中均是钙（Ca）含量最高、其次为铁（Fe）和钾（K）。疫源地与非疫源地样地土壤中钾、铁、铷元素含量差异均有统计学意义（Z=-2.423,P=0.015；Z=-2.034,P=0.042；t=2.860,P=0.005）。疫源地与非疫源地各元素含量之间多数呈正相关,如钾与铅、钙与铁、铁与铅等（均P<0.05）。结论 内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地土壤中富含钙、铁、钾元素,疫源地和非疫源地样地中大多数金属元素存在相关性,金属元素对鼠疫流行的作用值得进一步研究。
Objective To measure soil metal content in plague natural foci with Meriones unguiculatus as the host in the Ordos Plateau, Inner Mongolia, China and to investigate their correlations. Methods Soil samples were collected from 30 sites with and 30 sites without plague natural foci in the Ordos Plateau. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to measure the content of 13 metal elements such as potassium, iron, and calcium in soil. Data were entered and organized using Excel 2019 software. SPSS 26.0 software was used for independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test to analyze the differences in metal content between the two groups of sampling. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between the content of metal elements. Results Calcium was the most abundant metal element in the soils from both groups of sampling sites in the Ordos Plateau, followed by iron and potassium. The differences in potassium, iron, and rubidium content between the soils from the two groups of sampling sites were statistically significant (Z=-2.423, P=0.015; Z=-2.034, P=0.042; t=2.860, P=0.005). Positive correlations were found between the content of most metal elements in both groups of sampling sites, such as potassium and lead, calcium and iron, and iron and lead (all P<0.05). Conclusions The soil from the plague natural focus with Meriones unguiculatus as the host in the Ordos Plateau is rich in calcium, iron, and potassium. There are correlations between most of the metal elements in the sampling sites with and without plague natural foci. The role of metal elements in plague epidemic warrants further study.
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