目的 筛选适口性好的灭鼠毒饵,为大规模灭鼠活动减少灭鼠时间和提高灭鼠质量提供支持。方法 将含0.005%溴鼠灵的蜡块、稻谷毒饵、玉米毒饵、小麦毒饵、花生毒饵与1种基饵（自然晒干的花生米）按照1∶1两两配对,饱和式投放,连续7 d观察和记录摄食情况,采用方差分析和两变量相关性分析对数据进行统计分析。结果 花生毒饵7 d累计摄食系数（FC）为0.57,适口性好；稻谷毒饵为0.18,溴鼠灵蜡块为0.18,玉米毒饵为0.17,适口性均为中等；小麦毒饵为0.10,适口性差。稻田（F=25.340,P<0.001）、居民区（F=5.667,P=0.002）和树林生境（F=3.190,P=0.022）中各毒饵7 d累计FC差异均有统计学意义,均是花生毒饵的最高,分别为0.69、0.54、0.49,居民区中玉米毒饵的7 d累计FC为0.41,适口性均好。结论 上海市东部沿海地区建筑工地开工前,可采用含溴鼠灵的花生毒饵开展大范围灭鼠工作,可提高灭鼠的效率。
Objective To select palatable rodenticide baits, so as to provide support for reducing time invested and improving rodent control quality in large-scale rodent control activities. Methods Wax block baits, rice baits, corn baits, wheat baits, and peanut baits containing 0.005% brodifacoum were each paired up with a type of bait base (naturally dried peanuts) in a 1∶1 ratio. The baits were placed in a saturated manner. Bait consumption was monitored and recorded consecutively for seven consecutive days. Analysis of variance and bivariate correlation analysis were performed. Results The 7-day cumulative feeding coefficient (FC) was 0.57 for the peanut baits, indicating good palatability; 0.18 for the rice baits, 0.18 for the wax blocks, and 0.17 for the corn baits, indicating moderate palatability; and 0.10 for the wheat baits, indicating poor palatability. There were significant differences in the 7-day cumulative FC of different baits in paddy field (F=25.340, P<0.001), residential area (F=5.667, P=0.002) and forest habitat (F=3.190, P=0.022), and the 7-day cumulative FC of peanut bait was the highest in the three habitats, which was 0.69, 0.54 and 0.49, respectively. The corn baits also showed good palatability in residential areas with a 7-day cumulative FC of 0.41. Conclusion Before starting construction at construction sites in the eastern coastal area of Shanghai, China, peanut baits containing brodifacoum can be used for large-scale rodent control work, which can improve the efficiency of rodent control.
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