目的 评价“老鼠驿站”装置在农田鼠类监测和控制中的应用效果。方法 在海南省三亚市崖州区南繁基地田埂放置“老鼠驿站”,利用其附带的鼠夹采用夹夜法测定鼠密度,观察其用于鼠类监测的可行性；采用毒饵盗食法观察“老鼠驿站”用于控制农田鼠类的有效性；采用有选择摄食试验筛选当地农田灭鼠基饵的适口性。结果 2023年9-12月使用“老鼠驿站”捕鼠4次,共捕获91只小兽,其中鼠类数量由多到少依次为黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠、褐家鼠和小家鼠。4次捕鼠捕获率分别为8.75%、8.33%、7.50%和4.58%,灭效为47.66%。有选择摄食试验结果表明鼠类对基饵的喜食程度依次为稻谷、玉米碴、玉米面和大米。结论 虽然具体操作方法还有待改进,但“老鼠驿站”可作为农田和其他外环境鼠密度监测和控制的工具。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a device called “rodent station” for rodent monitoring and control in farmland.Methods This device was placed on the field ridge of Nanfan Breeding Base in Yazhou District, Sanya, Hainan Province, China. The feasibility of the device for rodent surveillance was determined by using the built-in snap traps to monitor rodent density at night. Its efficacy for farmland rodent control was tested through bait feeding method. The palatability of base baits for rodent control was tested by selective feeding.Results From September to December in 2023, a total of 91 small mammals were captured in the four catches, including Rattus losea, R. tanezumi, R. norvegicus, and Mus musculus (in the order of the number of catches from large to low). The capture rate of four catches were 8.75%, 8.33%, 7.50%, and 4.58%, respectively, with 47.66% of efficacy against rodent. The selective feeding results showed that rodents preferred paddy, corn grits, corn flour, and rice from most to least.Conclusion The “rodent station” can be used as a tool to monitor and control rodent density in farmland and other outdoor environments, although the operation method needs to be improved.
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