Objective To explore the field efficacy of single application of S-methoprene against the dengue vector mosquitoes through a systematic literature search, and to put forward relevant suggestions. Methods The Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Chinese Science Journals Database were searched using keywords including dengue fever and S-methoprene for relevant literature between January, 1974 and January 1, 2023. Results Ten studies were finally included, of which eight were classified as efficacy studies and the remaining two investigated the effectiveness of S-methoprene in semi-field conditions. Screening studies showed that S-methoprene can provide excellent eclosion inhibition, when applied to larvae in target containers, but when used in urban or dengue endemic areas, there was limited evidence to suggest the effectiveness of S-methoprene alone. Conclusions S-methoprene can effectively reduce the number of immature Aedes mosquitoes in containers in a short term, but evidence is not enough to demonstrate that S-methoprene alone can control the dengue vector in a long term. It is necessary to further study the effectiveness of S-methoprene combined with other dengue vector control measures.
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