目的 验证0.2%莪术醇饵剂对农田害鼠的田间药效，以及筛选其最佳使用剂量。方法 在云南省丽江市鼠疫疫源地采用0.2%莪术醇饵剂1 500、3 000和4 500 g/hm2 3个剂量开展田间综合测试，于投药后第30、60和90天分别调查农田鼠密度变化、害鼠子宫发育、怀孕率及胎仔数等变化情况。Excel 2010软件计算药效和摄食情况相关指标。结果 莪术醇饵剂1 500、3 000和4 500 g/hm2组投药后30 d控制效果分别为47.06%、51.87%和57.65%，投药后60 d控制效果分别为50.00%、63.64%和60.00%，投药后90 d控制效果分别为54.55%、62.81%和50.91%。亚成体数量明显下降，雌成鼠怀孕率及平均胎仔数下降；害鼠对莪术醇饵剂的摄食系数为0.77；自投药后第1天开始连续15 d的调查，未观察到死鼠及其他非靶标生物的死亡情况。结论 从防控效果和经济阈值综合考虑，0.2%莪术醇饵剂防控农田害鼠的推荐应用剂量为3 000 g/hm2。。
Objective To verify the field efficacy of 0.2% curcumol baits against farmland rodents and determine the optimal dose. Methods A field experiment with 0.2% curcumol baits at three doses 1 500, 3 000, and 4 500 g/hm2 was carried out in the plague foci of Lijiang, Yunnan Province, China. The changes in rodent density,uterine development status, pregnancy rate, and litter size were investigated at 30, 60, and 90 days after baiting. The bait efficacy and intake level were calculated with the use of Excel 2010 software. Results The control effects of curcumol baits at 1 500, 3 000, and 4 500 g/hm2 groups were 47.06%, 51.87%, and 57.65% at 30 days, respectively; 50.00%, 63.64%, and 60.00% at 60 days, respectively; and 54.55%, 62.81%, and 50.91% at 90 days, respectively. The number of subadults decreased substantially, and the pregnancy rate and average litter size of female adult rodents also decreased. The curcumol bait intake coefficient of rodents was 0.77. No dead rodents or non-target organisms were observed during 15 consecutive days of investigation since the first day after baiting. Conclusion 3 000 g/hm2 of 0.2% curcumol baits is recommended for controlling farmland rodents based on the control effects and the economic threshold.
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