目的 通过深入访谈,了解重点流行地区（云南和广东省）登革热流行的影响因素和防控工作存在的不足,为当地登革热的防控提出针对性的建议。方法 在我国云南和广东省登革热疫情严重的市（州）选择25名从事登革热防控研究、流行病学调查、治疗等方面的专业人员,用自行设计的访谈提纲逐一进行访谈,获得访谈资料电子文稿,将资料导入MAXQDA 2020软件,利用主题框架法进行分类、标记和分析,并制成表格。结果 通过对访谈资料的分析,共得到一级主题4个：（1）登革热防控现状,即目前的防控策略和措施,归纳出4个归属于日常应对的措施,7个归属于登革热暴发时的应对策略和措施；（2）影响登革热防控的因素,气候因素有2个,社会因素有6个,其中,社会因素可以通过人为干预而控制登革热流行；（3）登革热防控工作中存在的问题,访谈资料显示,专家提到次数最多的是政府重视程度不够、财政投入不平衡不充分、群众参与度低、考核监督机制缺乏,其他存在问题有6个；（4）登革热应对关键点,此部分通过归纳总结,共提取出10个应对关键点。结论 我国云南和广东省登革热重点流行地区应建立长效应对机制,发挥政府主导、多部门合作并全力调动当地居民参与防控的积极性,合理分配防控资金,加强媒介伊蚊控制,为我国登革热疾病可持续精准控制提供科学依据。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of dengue fever and the existing problems in prevention and control efforts against dengue fever in the representative areas of Yunnan and Guangdong provinces, China through in-depth interviews, and to put forward targeted recommendations for local prevention and control strategies against dengue fever.Methods Using a self-designed interview outline, one-to-one interviews with 25 professionals engaged in dengue fever prevention and control research, epidemiological investigations, and treatment from the cities and prefectures with severe dengue fever outbreaks in Yunnan and Guangdong provinces were conducted. Electronic interview documents were obtained and imported into MAXQDA 2020 software for thematic framework analysis, including categorization, coding, analysis, and charting.Results Through the analysis of the interview data, a total of four first-level themes were obtained: (1) the current situation of dengue fever prevention and control, i.e., the current prevention and control strategies and measures, which were summarized in four measures attributed to routine response and seven to response strategies and measures against outbreaks; (2) factors affecting dengue fever prevention and control, including two climatic factors and six social factors, among which social factors could be controlled through human intervention to control the spread of dengue fever; (3) problems in dengue fever prevention and control, including inadequate government’s attention, unbalanced and insufficient financial investment, low public participation, and a lack of assessment and supervision mechanisms, which were most frequently mentioned by experts, along with six other problems, according to the interview data; (4) key points of response to dengue fever, which were summarized in ten key points of response.Conclusions The representative areas of dengue fever in Yunnan and Guangdong provinces should establish a long-term response mechanism led by the government with multi-sectoral cooperation to fully mobilize residents to participate in prevention and control, reasonably allocate funds for prevention and control, strengthen the control of Aedes vectors, and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable and precise control of dengue fever and other Aedes vector-borne diseases in China.
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