目的了解浦东新区常见蝇种携带肠道传染病病原体情况,为蝇类防制和感染性腹泻病防控提供科学依据。方法2021年4－11月每月下旬,采用网捕法,在农户、农贸市场、餐饮外环境3类场所采集家蝇,在公园、居民区、农贸市场3类场所采集丝光绿蝇和棕尾别麻蝇。对捕获的蝇种冷冻后分类鉴定,采用胃肠道感染微流体芯片V3进行感染性腹泻相关病原体筛查。采用Excel 2019和SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理及统计分析。结果共捕获家蝇1 544只、丝光绿蝇642只、棕尾别麻蝇509只,家蝇、丝光绿蝇和棕尾别麻蝇的病原体检出率分别为37.29%（44/118）、67.50%（27/40）和70.97%（22/31）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=17.936,P<0.001）。上述3个蝇种的细菌和病毒检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=44.547,P<0.001；χ2=26.519,P<0.001）。家蝇共检出11种病原体（6种细菌、3种病毒和2种寄生虫）,主要病原体为人芽囊原虫（占总检出病原体数量的42.37%）、札如病毒（占20.34%）和隐孢子虫（占10.17%）；丝光绿蝇共检出12种病原体（7种细菌、3种病毒和2种寄生虫）,主要病原体为产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌（STEC,占18.75%）、星状病毒（占13.75%）和札如病毒（占11.25%）；棕尾别麻蝇共检出10种病原体（5种细菌、3种病毒和2种寄生虫）,主要病原体为STEC（占22.22%）、星状病毒（占14.81%）和札如病毒（占14.81%）。浦东新区家蝇携带病原体检出率最低,与另外2个蝇种的主要病原体有所差异。结论浦东新区常见蝇种携带感染性腹泻病原体种类多样,且不同蝇种携带的病原体有所不同,应加强环境整治,科学制定蝇类防控策略。
Objective To investigate intestinal pathogens carried by common fly species in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China, so as to provide scientific evidence for the control of flies and associated infectious diarrhea diseases.Methods In the last ten days of each month from April to November 2021, Musca domestica flies were netted in rural houses and farmers' markets and around restaurants, and Lucilia sericata and Sarcophaga peregrina flies were netted in parks, residential areas, and farmers' markets. The flies collected were frozen for classification and identification. The microfluidic chip V3 for gastrointestinal infection was used to detect pathogens related to infectious diarrhea diseases. Excel 2019 and SPSS 22.0 were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 1 544 M. domestica, 642 L. sericata, and 509 S. peregrina flies were captured. The pathogen detection rates of M. domestica, L. sericata, and S. peregrina were 37.29% (44/118), 67.50% (27/40), and 70.97% (22/31), respectively, which were statistically different (χ2=17.936, P<0.001). There were statistical differences in the detection rates of bacteria and viruses between the three fly species (χ2=44.547, P<0.001; χ2=26.519, P<0.001). A total of 11 types of pathogens (six species of bacteria, three species of viruses, and two species of parasites) were detected in M. domestica, mainly including Blastocystis hominis (42.37%), Sapovirus (20.34%), and Cryptosporidium (10.17%). A total of 12 types of pathogens (seven species of bacteria, three species of viruses, and two species of parasites) were detected in L. sericata, mainly including Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC, 18.75%), Astroviruses (13.75%), and Sapovirus (11.25%). A total of 10 types of pathogens (five species of bacteria, three species of viruses, and two species of parasites) were detected in S. peregrina, mainly including STEC (22.22%), Astroviruses (14.81%), and Sapovirus (14.81%). The pathogen detection rate of M. domestica was the lowest in Pudong New Area. The pathogens carried by M. domestica were different from those carried by the other two species.Conclusions The common fly species in Pudong New Area carried a variety of intestinal diarrhea diseases-associated pathogens, and the species of pathogens differed in different fly species. Environmental management should be strengthened and scientific fly control strategies should be formulated.
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