辽宁省2018－2021年蝇类监测结果分析

王纯玉, 白玉银, 张家勇, 丁俊

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.02.015

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2023 , Vol. 34 >Issue 2: 233 - 237

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.02.015

媒介生物监测

辽宁省2018－2021年蝇类监测结果分析

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辽宁省疾病预防控制中心感染与传染性疾病预防控制所, 辽宁沈阳 110005

王纯玉,女,硕士,副主任技师,主要从事病媒生物控制工作,E-mail：316025302@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-08-18

网络出版日期: 2023-04-26

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An analysis of surveillance results for flies in Liaoning province, China, 2018-2021

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Institute for Infectious and Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning 110005, China

Received date: 2022-08-18

Online published: 2023-04-26

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摘要

目的掌握辽宁省人居及周边环境的蝇类物种构成、密度和季节消长变化情况，为蝇类防控提供科学依据。方法 2018－2021年5－10月选择居民区、餐饮外环境、绿化带（公园）、露天农贸市场4类生境，采用笼诱法进行蝇类密度监测，对获得的数据使用Excel 2010和SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。采用χ²检验对不同年份、不同生境蝇种构成比进行比较；采用Levene检验对不同年度、不同生境蝇类密度方差齐性进行检验；采用多配对样本的Friedman检验对不同年度、不同生境蝇类密度季节消长情况进行比较。结果 2018－2021年辽宁全省共布放诱蝇笼2 239笼次，捕获蝇类83 690只，优势种群为丝光绿蝇、家蝇、厩腐蝇和麻蝇科蝇种，共占捕获总数的79.95%。4种生境中均以丝光绿蝇为优势种。蝇类总密度为6.23只/（笼·h），2018－2021年蝇类密度分别为6.72、6.68、6.97和4.61只/（笼·h）。不同生境中，农贸市场蝇类密度最高，达9.20只/（笼·h），居民区最低，仅为3.47只/（笼·h）。蝇类密度总体的季节消长呈双峰曲线，高峰出现在7和8月，不同年份蝇类密度季节消长差异有统计学意义（χ²=14.174，P=0.001），不同生境蝇类密度季节消长差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.652，P=0.008）。结论掌握了辽宁省人居及周边环境的蝇种构成、密度及季节消长情况，建议在蝇类活动高峰期前及早采取综合防制措施，以降低蝇类密度和减少疾病的发生。

关键词： 蝇类; 密度; 监测; 物种构成; 季节消长

本文引用格式

王纯玉, 白玉银, 张家勇, 丁俊 . 辽宁省2018－2021年蝇类监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023 , 34(2) : 233 -237 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.02.015

Abstract

Objective To investigate the fly species composition, density and seasonality in human dwellings and surroundings in Liaoning province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of flies. Methods From May to October, 2018-2021, four types of habitats, residential areas, restaurants, greenbelts, and outdoor farmers’ markets, were chosen for investigation. The cage trapping method was used for fly density surveillance. Excel 2010 and SPSS 23.0 softwares were used to statistically analyze the obtained data. The Chi-square test was used to compare the composition of fly species between different years and different habitats. The Levene test was used to test the homogeneity of variance of fly densities in each year and each habitat. The Friedman test for multiple paired samples was used to compare the seasonal fluctuations of fly density between different years and habitats. Results From 2018 to 2021, a total of 2 239 fly traps were deployed in Liaoning province, and 83 690 flies were captured. The dominant species were Lucilia sericata, Musca domestica, Muscina stabulans, and Sarcophagidae flies, together accounting for 79.95% of the total captured. L. sericata was the dominant species in all four habitats. The overall fly density was 6.23 flies/trap·h, and the annual fly density in 2018-2021 was 6.72, 6.68, 6.97, and 4.61 flies/trap·h, respectively. In terms of various habitats, Farmers’ markets had the highest fly density (9.20 flies/trap·h), and residential areas had the lowest fly density (3.47 flies/trap·h). The overall seasonal fluctuations of fly density showed a bimodal curve, and the peak occurred in July-August. There were significant differences in the seasonal variation of fly density between different years (χ²=14.174, P=0.001) and different habitats (χ²=9.652, P=0.008). Conclusions The fly species composition, density, and seasonal fluctuations in human dwellings and surroundings in Liaoning province were mastered. It is suggested that integrated control measures should be taken as early as before the peak of fly infestation, so as to reduce the density of flies and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

Key words： Fly; Density; Surveillance; Species composition; Seasonal fluctuations

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