目的 调查2021年内蒙古自治区（内蒙古）不同类型鼠疫自然疫源地土壤金属元素含量，对比分析不同类型鼠疫自然疫源地土壤金属元素含量的差异。方法 对内蒙古达乌尔黄鼠、布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地进行土样采集。X射线荧光分析仪测量土壤中钾、铁、钙等13种金属元素含量，应用Excel 2021软件录入并整理数据，SPSS 20.0 软件进行独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U test和Pearson相关分析。结果 内蒙古达乌尔黄鼠与布氏田鼠鼠疫疫源地钾（t=-3.058，P=0.012）、铷（t=-2.717，P=0.007）元素含量，达乌尔黄鼠与长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地铁（Z=-4.416，P<0.001）、锌（t=-3.186，P=0.005）、锰（t=-4.471，P<0.001）、钛（Z=-2.598，P=0.017）、钒（Z=-2.184，P=0.029）和镍（t=-2.799，P=0.011）元素含量以及布氏田鼠与长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地钾（t=3.910，P=0.001）、钙（Z=-2.974，P=0.003）和铷（t=6.176，P<0.001）元素含量差异均有统计学意义。布氏田鼠鼠疫疫源地土壤中钾、铜、钛、钒、铬元素含量较达乌尔黄鼠、长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地高，长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地土壤中铁、钙、锌、锰、铅、镍、砷、铷元素含量较达乌尔黄鼠、布氏田鼠鼠疫疫源地高，除铬元素外，其余12种金属元素在3类鼠疫疫源地中存在相关性（均P<0.05）。结论 内蒙古3种类型鼠疫自然疫源地土壤中富含钾、铁、钙元素，但土壤中多数金属元素含量存在分布差异，并且金属元素含量之间存在相关性。
Objective To investigate the content of metal elements in soil of different types of natural plague foci in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021, and to compare and analyze the differences in the content of metal elements in soil of different types of natural plague foci. Methods Soil samples were collected from the natural plague foci of Spermophilus dauricus, Microtus brandti, and Meriones unguiculatus in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. An X-ray fluorescence analyzer was used to measure the content of 13 metal elements such as potassium, iron, and calcium in soil. Excel 2021 software was used for data collection and analysis, and SPSS 20.0 software was used to conduct independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results Statistical differences were found in the contents of potassium (t=-3.058, P=0.012) and rubidium (t=-2.717, P=0.007) between the plague foci of S. dauricus and M. brandti, the contents of iron (Z=-4.416, P<0.001), zinc (t=-3.186, P=0.005), manganese (t=-4.471, P<0.001), titanium (Z=-2.598, P=0.017), vanadium (Z=-2.184, P=0.029), and nickel (t=-2.799, P=0.011) between the plague foci of S. dauricus and M. unguiculatus, and the contents of potassium (t=3.910, P=0.001), calcium (Z=-2.974, P=0.003), and rubidium (t=6.176, P<0.001) between the plague foci of M. brandti and M. unguiculatus. The contents of potassium, copper, titanium, vanadium, and chromium in the soil of M. brandti plague foci were higher than those in S. dauricus and M. unguiculatus plague foci. The contents of iron, calcium, zinc, manganese, lead, nickel, arsenic, and rubidium in the soil of M. unguiculatus plague foci were higher than those in S. dauricus and M. brandti plague foci. Apart from chromium, the other 12 metal elements were related in three types of plague foci (all P<0.05). Conclusion The soil of three types of plague natural foci in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is rich in potassium, iron, and calcium elements. There are differences in the distribution of most metal elements in the soil among the three types of plague natural foci, and there are correlations between the metal elements.
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