目的 调查德国小蠊与黑胸大蠊在某农贸市场的空间分布，分析2种蜚蠊在农贸市场中是否共存及共存特征。方法 选取上海市宝山区1处农贸市场，自2020年6月－2021年5月每月调查1次。蜚蠊密度监测采用粘捕法，在每个摊位的电子秤下布放1张粘蟑纸，放置72 h后检查、记录结果。采用Spearman相关性分析、Pearson χ2检验、空间分析、热点分析、双变量全局空间相关分析等进行统计分析。结果 该农贸市场中查获的蜚蠊包括德国小蠊和黑胸大蠊2种，其中德国小蠊占捕获总数的94.57%，为优势种。德国小蠊与黑胸大蠊密度的季节性变化呈正相关（r=0.763，P=0.004）。2种蜚蠊侵害率最高的摊位类别均为冷鲜肉禽类，分别为德国小蠊29.08%、黑胸大蠊6.97%。各个摊位捕获德国小蠊与黑胸大蠊的数量呈正相关（r=0.432，P<0.001）。2种蜚蠊的阳性率分布、密度分布均存在空间正相关性；德国小蠊与黑胸大蠊阳性次数的双变量全局Morans’I指数为0.178（Z=6.786，P<0.001），表现两者为空间正相关性分布趋势；捕获数的双变量全局Morans’I指数为0.127（Z=5.021，P<0.001）。结论 德国小蠊与黑胸大蠊对温、湿度可能具有相似的适应性，2种蜚蠊在农贸市场中可能为共存并竞争的关系，且德国小蠊在竞争中占据优势，成为农贸市场中的优势种。蜚蠊防制工作中应当分析特定区域中蜚蠊的空间分布特征，根据局域优势种群制定具有针对性的防制策略。
Objective To investigate the spatial distribution of Blattella germanica and Periplaneta fuliginosa in a farmers'market in Shanghai,China,and to analyze whether the two cockroach species coexist in the farmers'market and the coexistence characteristics.Methods The population density of cockroaches was monitored once a month from June 2020 to May 2021 by using the sticky trap method (placing a glue trap under an electronic scale at each stall,and inspecting it after 72 hours) in the farmers'market.The data were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis,Pearson's Chi-square test,spatial analysis,hotspot analysis,and bivariate global spatial correlation analysis.Results The species of cockroaches in the farmers'market included B.germanica and P.fuliginosa.B.germanica was the dominant species,accounting for 94.57% of the total catches.The seasonal changes in the densities of B.germanica and P.fuliginosa were positively correlated (r=0.763,P=0.004).The stalls selling chilled and fresh meat and poultry had the highest infestation rates of B.germanica and P.fuliginosa,which were 29.08% and 6.97%,respectively.There was a positive correlation between the numbers of B.germanica and P.fuliginosa captured at all stalls (r=0.432,P<0.001).The positive rate distribution and density distribution of B.germanica and P.fuliginosa were positively correlated;The bivariate global Morans'Ⅰ index of the positive times of the two species of cockroaches was 0.178(Z=6.786,P<0.001),showing a spatial positive correlation distribution trend;The bivariate global Morans'Ⅰ index of their capture number was 0.127(Z=5.021,P<0.001).Conclusion B.germanica and P.fuliginosa may have similar adaptability to temperature and humidity.The two cockroach species may coexist and compete in the farmers'market,and B.germanica is the competitively dominant species.The control of cockroaches should be considered based on the spatial distribution characteristics of cockroaches in a specific area to formulate targeted control strategies against regional dominant species.
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