目的 了解云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县中国-缅甸（中缅）边境地区中华按蚊成蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性现状，为当地疟疾消除后防止再传播提供媒介控制依据。方法 在盈江县2个边境乡各选择1个调查点（牛棚），采集未吸血中华按蚊成蚊并带回实验室，于第2天采用世界卫生组织推荐的成蚊接触筒诊断剂量法测定其对杀虫剂的抗药性，每剂量杀虫剂重复测定3次，分别计算60 min击倒率、半数击倒时间和24 h校正死亡率，χ2检验比较2个调查点试虫24 h校正死亡率差异。结果 2020年9月，共测定5种杀虫剂7个剂量，盈江县中缅边境地区中华按蚊成蚊对高效氯氰菊酯（0.05%、0.25%和0.5%）、高效氯氟氰菊酯（0.05%）、溴氰菊酯（0.05%）、马拉硫磷（5%）和残杀威（0.1%）的平均24 h校正死亡率分别为38.62%（抗性）、53.07%（抗性）、61.22%（抗性）、42.03%（抗性）、42.86%（抗性）、96.37%（可疑抗性）和60.96%（抗性），铜壁关乡试虫24 h平均死亡率均高于弄璋镇，2个调查点试虫对每剂量杀虫剂24 h校正死亡率差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 盈江县中缅边境地区中华按蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂普遍产生抗性，部分地区中华按蚊对氨基甲酸酯类和有机磷类杀虫剂敏感。该县应定期开展杀虫剂抗性监测，采用杀虫剂混剂、轮换使用杀虫剂和物理灭蚊等综合灭蚊措施，延缓杀虫剂抗性进一步发展。
Objective To investigate the resistance of adult Anopheles sinensis to insecticides in China-Myanmar border areas in Yingjiang county, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China, and to provide a basis for controlling the vectors for re-transmission of malaria after elimination.Methods One study site was selected at each of two townships on China-Myanmar border in Yingjiang county, and non-blood-fed female adult mosquitoes of An. sinensis were collected in cowsheds and brought back to the laboratory. World Health Organization (WHO) exposure tube assay was used to test the resistance of adult An. sinensis against insecticides on the next day. Each dose of insecticide was tested in triplicate for 60-min knockdown rate, half knockdown time, and 24-h corrected mortality. The Chi-square test was used to examined the 24-h corrected mortality between the two study sites. Results A total of 7 doses of 5 insecticides were tested. The 24-h corrected mortality of adult An. sinensis averaged from the two study sites for beta-cypermethrin (0.05%, 0.25%, and 0.5%), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%), deltamethrin (0.05%), malathion (5%), and propoxur (0.1%) was 38.62% (resistance), 53.07% (resistance), 61.22% (resistance), 42.03% (resistance), 42.86% (resistance), 96.37% (possible resistance), and 60.96% (resistance), respectively. There were significant differences in 24-h corrected mortality between the two study sites (both P<0.05). The average 24-h corrected mortality in Tongbiguan township was higher than that in Nongzhang township. Conclusion Adult An. sinensis in China-Myanmar border areas of Yingjiang county has generally developed resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, but is sensitive to carbamate and organophosphorus insecticides in some areas. Surveillance of insecticide resistance should be regularly carried out in Yingjiang county. Mixed insecticides, insecticide rotation, and physical mosquito control measures can be used in combination to delay the development of insecticide resistance.
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