云南省普洱市思茅区2020年白纹伊蚊的密度、孳生习性及对杀虫剂抗性状况研究

马喆, 郑宇婷, 杨锐, 许翔, 魏春, 余晓君, 杨春梅, 姜进勇

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.009

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2022 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 360 - 365

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.009

媒介生物监测

云南省普洱市思茅区2020年白纹伊蚊的密度、孳生习性及对杀虫剂抗性状况研究

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1. 云南省虫媒传染病防控研究重点实验室, 云南省寄生虫病防治所虫媒传染病防控关键技术省创新团队, 面向南亚东南亚热带病国际科技人员交流与教育培训基地, 云南省寄生虫病防治所, 云南普洱 665000;
2. 昆明医科大学公共卫生学院, 云南昆明 650504

马喆,女,从事卫生检验与检疫工作,E-mail:280647190@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-12-28

网络出版日期: 2022-06-11

基金资助

对发展中国家科技援助项目（KY201906007）；云南省重大科技计划生物医学专项（202102AA100019）

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A study of population density, breeding habitat, and insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus in Simao district, Pu'er, Yunnan province, China, 2020

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1. Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention, Training Base of International Scientific Exchange and Education in Tropical Diseases for South and Southeast Asia, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, Yunnan 665000, China;
2. School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China

Received date: 2021-12-28

Online published: 2022-06-11

Supported by

Scientific and Technological Assistance Projects to Developing Countries (No. KY201906007);Biomedical Special Project of Major Science and Technology Plan of Yunnan Province (No. 202102AA100019)

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摘要

目的了解云南省普洱市思茅城区白纹伊蚊密度、孳生习性和对杀虫剂的敏感性，为该蚊防控提供科学依据。方法采用布雷图指数（BI）法，于2020年8月在思茅城区5个不同方位居民点开展白纹伊蚊孳生场所及幼蚊密度分布调查。所获幼蚊在实验室饲养至F1代，采用成蚊滤纸接触筒法，测定其对9种杀虫剂的敏感性，根据死亡率判定抗性级别。结果累计调查281户，其中阳性80户，发现积水容器618个，其中阳性138个，BI为49.11，房屋指数（HI）为28.47%，容器指数（CI）为22.33%。BI指数最高为71.67，最低为20.00。统计显示：138个阳性积水容器中，家用积水容器92个（66.67%），废弃积水容器46个（33.33%）；家用积水容器和废弃积水容器阳性率分别为17.16%和56.10%，二者差异有统计学意义（χ²=62.157，P<0.001）；室内、外积水容器的阳性率分别为11.16%和47.87%，二者差异亦有统计学意义（χ²=101.637，P<0.001），室外场所孳生阳性率高于室内场所，比值比（OR）为7.31，思茅城区白纹伊蚊孳生以室外环境为主。白纹伊蚊接触9种杀虫剂死亡率为6.56%～99.38%，对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯为抗性，对残杀威、杀螟硫磷和马拉硫磷为可疑抗性，对说明：FX_GRP_ID800005A3

虫威和毒死蜱均敏感。结论白纹伊蚊在思茅区主城区各方位均有分布，种群密度高，存在暴发登革热等疾病的潜在风险，且对多种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂产生不同程度的抗药性；应加强对白纹伊蚊的种群密度和抗药性常态化监测、控制和环境管理。

关键词： 思茅区; 登革热; 白纹伊蚊; 孳生习性; 杀虫剂抗性

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马喆, 郑宇婷, 杨锐, 许翔, 魏春, 余晓君, 杨春梅, 姜进勇 . 云南省普洱市思茅区2020年白纹伊蚊的密度、孳生习性及对杀虫剂抗性状况研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022 , 33(3) : 360 -365 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.03.009

Abstract

Objective To investigate the density, breeding habitat, and sensitivity to insecticides of Aedes albopictus in Simao district, Pu'er, Yunnan province, China, and to provide a scientific evidence for mosquito control. Methods The Breteau index (BI) method was used to investigate the breeding sites of Ae. albopictus and the density distribution of larvae in five settlements selected from different orientations in Simao district in August 2020. The collected larvae were reared to F1 generation in laboratory. The filter paper contact method was used to measure the sensitivity of adult mosquitoes to nine types of insecticides. The resistance degree was determined according to the mortality rate. Results A total of 618 water containers were identified in 281 households, and larvae were found in 138 water containers in 80 households. The BI, House index, and Container index were 49.11, 28.47%, and 22.33%, respectively. The highest BI was 71.67 and the lowest was 20.00. Statistically, among the 138 mosquito-positive water containers, 92 (66.67%) were household containers and 46 (33.33%) were disused containers. The positive rates of household containers and disused containers were 17.16% and 56.10%, respectively, with a statistical difference between them (χ²=62.157, P<0.001). The positive rates of indoor and outdoor containers were 11.16% and 47.87%, respectively, with a statistical difference between them as well (χ²=101.637, P<0.001). The outdoor places had a higher positive rate than the indoor places, with an odd ratio of 7.31. The investigation demonstrated that outdoor environments were the main breeding habitats for Ae. albopictus in Simao district. Meanwhile, the mortality rates of adult Ae. albopictus exposed to nine types of insecticides ranged from 6.56% to 99.38%. These Ae. albopictus mosquitoes showed resistance to beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin, and suspected resistance to propoxur, fenitrothion, and malathion, while they were sensitive to bendiocarb and chlorpyrifos. Conclusion Ae. albopictus is broadly distributed in the core of Simao district and is of high density. Therefore, there is a potential risk of dengue fever. It has developed varying degrees of resistance to a variety of pyrethroid insecticides. It is necessary to strengthen the regular surveillance and control of Ae. albopictus population density and insecticide resistance and environmental management.

Key words： Simao district; Dengue fever; Aedes albopictus; Breeding habitat; Insecticide resistance

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