目的 研究淡色库蚊成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂敏感性的影响因素，为淡色库蚊成蚊抗性监测及防控提供依据。方法 以实验室淡色库蚊品系为研究对象，使用世界卫生组织推荐的成蚊抗性监测接触法，评价在不同条件下不同试虫的杀虫剂敏感性。结果 3个实验室品系中，对氯菊酯的敏感性：雌成蚊北京品系（BJ）≈北京敏感品系（BJS）>天津品系（TJ）（≈表示2个品系对杀虫剂的敏感性差异无统计学意义），半数致死浓度（LC50）分别为0.258%（0.222%~0.304%）、0.283%（0.239%~0.334%）和0.457%（0.413%~0.508%），雄成蚊为BJ>BJS≈TJ，LC50分别为0.174%（0.157%~0.195%）、0.249%（0.213%~0.290%）和0.251%（0.205%~0.294%）。对溴氰菊酯的敏感性：雌成蚊为BJ>BJS≈TJ，LC50分别为0.024%（0.021%~0.028%）、0.080%（0.066%~0.099%）和0.098%（0.079%~0.127%），雄成蚊BJ≈BJS，LC50分别为0.038%（0.032%~0.449%）和0.018%（0.011%~0.034%）。BJ击倒抗性基因（kdr）突变频率为15.96%，BJS和TJ未检测到突变。在实验室控制条件下，不同日龄淡色库蚊雄成蚊的自然死亡率高于雌蚊；在相同条件下，对杀虫剂雄成蚊比雌成蚊敏感；溴氰菊酯对淡色库蚊成蚊的毒力强于氯菊酯3.5~10.8倍。结论 成蚊种群日龄和性别的差异均会对杀虫剂敏感性产生影响，故在开展杀虫剂抗药性监测或药效评价时，应注意试虫种群的标准化。
李文玉, 周欣欣, 伦辛畅, 马德龙, 林凌鸿, 宋秀平, 鲁亮, 刘起勇, 王君, 王春兰, 孟凤霞
. 淡色库蚊成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂敏感性的影响因素研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022
, 33(2)
: 171
-176
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.02.002
Objective To study the factors affecting the sensitivity of adult Culex pipiens pallens to pyrethroid insecticides, and to provide evidence for the insecticide resistance surveillance and the control of adult Cx. pipiens pallens. Methods The WHO tube test was performed on laboratory Cx. pipiens pallens strains (the Beijing[BJ] strain, Beijing sensitive[BJS] strain, and Tianjin[TJ] strain) to evaluate the insecticide susceptibility of adult test mosquitoes to permethrin and deltamethrin under different conditions. Results In female adult mosquitoes, the sensitivity to permethrin was the BJ strain ≈ the BJS strain > the TJ strain (≈ meaning no significant difference in sensitivity between the two strains), and the median lethal concentrations (LC50) were 0.258% (0.222%, 0.304%), 0.283% (0.239%, 0.334%), and 0.457% (0.413%, 0.508%), respectively. In male adult mosquitoes, the sensitivity to permethrin was the BJ strain > the BJS strain ≈ the TJ strain, and the LC50 values were 0.174% (0.157%, 0.195%), 0.249% (0.213%, 0.290%), and 0.251% (0.205%, 0.294%), respectively. The sensitivity of female adult mosquitoes to deltamethrin was the BJ strain > the BJS strain ≈ the TJ strain, and the LC50 values were 0.024% (0.021%, 0.028%), 0.080% (0.066%, 0.099%), and 0.098% (0.079%, 0.127%), respectively. The sensitivity of male adult mosquitoes to deltamethrin was the BJ strain ≈ the BJS strain, and the LC50 values were 0.038% (0.032%, 0.449%) and 0.018% (0.011%, 0.034%), respectively. The knockdown resistance mutation rate was 15.96% in the BJ strain, while no mutation of the gene was detected in the BJS strain and TJ strain. Under laboratory conditions, the natural mortality of male adult Cx. pipiens pallens was higher than that of female mosquitoes at any age. Under the same conditions, male adult mosquitoes were more sensitive to the insecticides than female adult mosquitoes. The toxicity of deltamethrin was 3.5-10.8 times that of permethrin. Conclusion Age and sex can affect the insecticide susceptibility of adult mosquito populations. Therefore, when carrying out insecticide resistance monitoring or efficacy evaluation, test mosquitoes should be homogeneous.
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