Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Yunnan province, China, 2012-2020 and understand the epidemic situation, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFRS. Methods HFRS case data and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Excel 2013 software was used to create the database, and SPSS 20.0 software was used for data analysis. Results From 2012 to 2020, a total of 1 834 cases of HFRS were reported, with 6 death cases. The mean annual incidence was 0.43/100 000, and the fatality rate was 0.33%. The incidence was lowest in 2012 (0.10/100 000) and highest in 2015 (0.56/100 000). Between 2014 and 2020, HFRS was in a high incidence state in Yunnan province, with 200 to 300 cases per year. Cases were reported in 71 counties (county-level cities or districts) of 13 prefectures (prefecture-level cities) of Yunnan province, mainly distributed in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (999/1 834, 54.47%) and Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture (670/1 834, 36.53%) in mid-western Yunnan province, and the combined number of cases in this two prefectures accounted for 91.00% (1 669 cases) of the total cases in Yunnan province. HFRS could occur in every month throughout the year, mainly from April to June. All age groups could be affected, mostly those aged between 20 and 60 years. The male-to-female ratio was 2.36:1, and the majority of cases were farmers (76.99%). Conclusion In recent years, HFRS in Yunnan province has been on the rise and at a high incidence. It is urgent to strengthen comprehensive control measures including health education, rodent control, and vaccination in the high-risk areas of mid-western Yunnan province.
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