媒介肠道共生菌控制疟疾传播：20年进展与展望

高涵, 王四宝

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.001

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2021 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 509 - 512

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.001

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媒介肠道共生菌控制疟疾传播：20年进展与展望

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中国科学院昆虫发育与进化生物学重点实验室, 中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心, 中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所, 上海 200032

高涵,男,博士后,主要从事蚊虫与疟原虫互作机制及防控新策略的研究,E-mail:gaohan@cemps.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2021-08-08

网络出版日期: 2021-10-20

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2020YFC1200100）；国家自然科学基金（31830086，32021001）

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Malaria transmission block by vector Anopheles mosquito gut symbiotic bacteria: 20 years progress and prospect

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CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

Received date: 2021-08-08

Online published: 2021-10-20

Supported by

Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2020YFC1200100) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31830086, 32021001)

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摘要

疟疾是由疟原虫感染引起，通过雌性按蚊叮咬传播的蚊媒传染病，严重威胁人类健康。当前疟疾防控手段主要包括：应用杀虫剂降低病媒蚊虫种群密度来预防和减少疟疾传播，以及利用抗疟药物治疗疟疾患者。然而由于蚊虫抗药性和疟原虫的耐药性，近年来全球在减少新增疟疾病例方面进展已放缓，亟需研发新的防控手段。控制疟原虫在媒介按蚊体内的感染，是源头遏制疟疾传播的新思路。利用媒介按蚊肠道共生菌来阻断疟疾传播的共生菌防治策略，具有巨大的应用前景，其技术方法不断迭代创新。该文总结了疟疾共生菌防治从概念提出到不断发展20年间取得的进展，并对未来的研究和应用进行展望。

关键词： 疟疾; 按蚊; 肠道微生物; 共生菌防治

本文引用格式

高涵, 王四宝 . 媒介肠道共生菌控制疟疾传播：20年进展与展望[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021 , 32(5) : 509 -512 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.001

Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites,which are transmitted to people through the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes. The mainstay of current malaria control programs relies on insecticides to control vector mosquito population density and antimalarial drugs to treat infections. However,the emergence and increasing spread of mosquito insecticide resistance and parasite drug resistance have stalled the progress against malaria over the past few years,and call for new intervention strategies. Impeding malaria parasite infection in the vector Anopheles mosquito is a novel strategy to block malaria transmission at the source. The strategy of symbiotic control, using gut microbiota to inhibit parasite development in the mosquito midgut, has been regarded as a promising way to thwart malaria transmission. In this paper the development of symbiotic control including paratransgenesis during the past two decades has been summarized and the future direction of this promising malaria-control strategy has been discussed.

Key words： Malaria; Anopheles mosquito; Gut microbiota; Symbiotic control

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