目的 掌握安徽省蜚蠊密度、侵害率、季节消长和种类构成等情况，为科学开展蜚蠊防控提供依据。方法 采用粘捕法进行监测，收集整理2017－2019年安徽省蜚蠊监测数据，比较分析蜚蠊种类构成比、不同年份、不同环境类型蜚蠊密度变化规律。利用Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件对监测数据进行分析，不同生境间蜚蠊密度差异采用F检验。结果 2017－2019年共捕获蜚蠊11 378只，德国小蠊占捕获总数的89.77%，为优势种。总密度为0.87只/张，总侵害率为10.84%。各年不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率均以农贸市场最高，医院最低。蜚蠊密度季节消长变化趋势2017年呈双峰曲线，2018－2019年呈单峰曲线。不同生境蜚蠊密度依次为农贸市场>超市>餐饮行业>居民区>宾馆>医院。不同生境间蜚蠊密度差异有统计学意义（F=3.463，P<0.05）。结论 德国小蠊是安徽省蜚蠊优势种群，农贸市场为蜚蠊防控的重点场所，结合不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率的季节消长趋势，在高峰期来临之前采取综合防控措施，以达到降低蜚蠊密度和控制疾病的目的。
Objective To master the cockroach density, infestation rate, seasonal variation, and species composition in Anhui province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of cockroach prevention and control. Methods The sticky trap method was used for surveillance. The surveillance data of cockroaches in Anhui province from 2017 to 2019 were collected and collated, and the composition ratio of cockroaches and the density changes of cockroaches between different years and habitats were compared and analyzed. Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 softwares were employed to analyze the surveillance data. The F test was used to analyze the difference in cockroach density between different habitats. Results A total of 11 378 cockroaches were captured from 2017 to 2019. The dominant species was Blattella germanica (89.77%). The overall density was 0.87 cockroaches/sheet. The overall infestation rate was 10.84%. The highest cockroach density and infestation rate occurred in farmers’ markets, and the lowest occurred in hospitals. The seasonal fluctuation of cockroach density showed a double-peak curve in 2017, and showed a single-peak curve from 2018 to 2019. The highest cockroach density occurred in farmers’ markets, followed by supermarkets, catering industry, residential areas, hotels, and hospitals. There was a statistically significant difference in cockroach density between different habitats (F=3.463, P<0.05). Conclusion B. germanica is the dominant species of cockroaches in Anhui province. Farmers’ markets are the key places for cockroach prevention and control. According to the seasonal fluctuation trends in cockroach density and infestation rate in different habitats, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken before the peak periods to reduce cockroach density and control diseases.
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