目的 了解和掌握全国病媒生物监测新方案实施以来浙江省的蝇类密度及种类构成，分析2016－2019年蝇密度消长趋势及分布特点，为针对性地控制浙江省蝇类提供科学依据。方法 根据浙江省不同地理地貌和蝇类生态习性，在全省范围内设置10～12个监测点，每年4－11月采用笼诱法开展监测。监测数据采用Excel 2010软件进行统计分析。结果 2016－2019年浙江省共布放诱蝇笼4 588只，捕获蝇类13 210只，年平均蝇密度为2.88只/笼，各年度蝇密度依次为4.38、2.25、2.03和2.29只/笼。2016－2019年浙江省蝇种类以家蝇为主，占总捕获量的23.01%，不同年度间优势蝇种构成略有不同。浙江省蝇类活动时间跨度长，4－11月均有蝇类活动，季节消长趋势呈单峰型，4月开始上升，9月后开始下降，不同年度蝇密度高峰出现时间略有差异。不同蝇种活动高峰月略有不同，以夏季型为主，其中家蝇活动高峰持续时间较长，为5－10月。不同生境总蝇密度以农贸市场最高，达3.89只/笼，其次为餐饮外环境，为2.77只/笼，各年度不同生境蝇密度排序略有不同，但均以农贸市场最高，2016－2017年以居民区蝇密度最低，2018－2019年则以绿化带蝇密度最低。结论 浙江省蝇类主要活动场所为农贸市场，活动高峰在夏季。在蝇类防制过程中应结合蝇类活动环境与季节，有针对性地采取措施，从而快速有效地降低蝇密度。
Objective To investigate the density and species composition of flies in Zhejiang province, China since the implementation of new vector surveillance program, as well as the trend of density fluctuation and distribution characteristics of flies in 2016-2019, and to provide a scientific basis for targeted control of flies in Zhejiang province. Methods Based on the geographical features of Zhejiang province and the ecological habit of flies, 10-12 surveillance sites were set up within the province, and the cage trapping method was used for surveillance in April to November each year. Excel 2010 software was used to perform a statistical analysis of surveillance data. Results A total of 4 588 cages were placed from 2016 to 2019, and 13 210 flies were captured in total, with a mean annual density of 2.88 flies/cage; the annual density of flies in 2016-2019 was 4.38, 2.25, 2.03, and 2.29 flies/cage, respectively. In 2016-2019, Musca domestica was the dominant species and accounted for 23.01%, and there was a slight difference in the composition of dominant fly species across these years. Activities of flies showed a long time span from April to November in Zhejiang province, and the trend of seasonal variation showed a single peak, which started to rise in April and decrease after September, while there was a slight difference in the peak time of fly density across the years. There was a slight difference in the peak month of activities between species, mainly in summer, and M. domestica had a long peak time of activity (from May to October). As for different habitats, the highest density of flies was observed in farmers’ market (3.89 flies/cage), followed by restaurants (2.77 flies/cage), and the density of flies in different habitats varied slightly across the years, while the highest density was still observed in farmers’ market. The lowest density of flies was observed in residential areas in 2016-2017, while the lowest density of flies was observed in green belt in 2018-2019. Conclusion Farmers’ market is the main place of the activities of flies, and the peak time of activity is observed in summer. For the prevention and control of flies, targeted measures should be adopted based on the environments and seasons of the activities of flies, so as to effectively reduce the density of flies.
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