目的 通过对青田县“无蚊村”建设投入分析，评价“无蚊村”在蚊媒密度控制、登革热等蚊媒传染病防控和促进乡村发展中的作用。方法 2017－2019年每年的4－10月在小舟山村采用幼虫吸管法调查幼蚊密度，2017－2018年每年的4－10月在小舟山村采用双层叠帐法调查成蚊密度，2017－2019年每年的10月中旬采用问卷调查的方法调查灭蚊投入。采用SPSS 16.0软件进行数据分析，以t检验和方差分析的方法进行数据分析。结果 小舟山村“无蚊村”建设以来，当地的蚊密度显著降低，百户指数从2017年的42.7处/100户下降到2019年的2.9处/100户，成蚊密度从2017年的29.3只/（顶·h）下降到2018年的2.4只/（顶·h）。小舟山村“无蚊村”建设过程中，灭蚊所需经费逐年降低，2019年的灭蚊经费较“无蚊村”建设之前的2017年大幅下降，村民个人户平均投入从35.0元下降至5.0元。村集体投入从74 000.0元下降至17 000.0元。且“无蚊村”建设能有效降低登革热本地疫情传播的可能性，降低因登革热疫情处置所需要的费用。结论 农村地区“无蚊村”建设能有效降低蚊密度，方法可持续，经济合理，小舟山的“无蚊村”建设经验适合在以小积水为蚊虫主要孳生地的丘陵地区农村推广。
Objective To analyze the investment in the construction of ‘mosquito-free village’ in Qingtian county, Zhejiang province, China, and to evaluate the role of ‘mosquito-free village’ in the control of mosquito density, the control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases such as dengue fever, and the promotion of rural development. Methods From April to October in 2017-2019, the pipette method was used to measure the density of larval mosquitoes in Xiaozhoushan village. From April to October in 2017-2018, the double mosquito net method was used to determine the density of adult mosquitoes. In the middle of October in 2017-2019, a questionnaire survey was used to investigate the investment in mosquito control. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis including the t-test and analysis of variance. Results Since the construction of ‘mosquito-free village’ in Xiaozhoushan village, local mosquito density had decreased significantly. The 100-house index fell from 42.7 places/100 houses in 2017 to 2.9 places/100 houses in 2019. The adult mosquito density decreased from 29.3 mosquitoes/net·hour in 2017 to 2.4 mosquitoes/net·hour in 2018. The expenditure of mosquito control had decreased year by year, and the expenditure of mosquito control in 2019 was significantly lower than that in 2017 before the construction of ‘mosquito-free village’. The average investment per household decreased from 35.0 yuan to 5.0 yuan, and the collective investment of the village decreased from 74 000.0 yuan to 17 000.0 yuan. Moreover, the construction of ‘mosquito-free village’ could effectively reduce the possibility of local transmission of dengue fever and thus reduce the cost of response to the epidemic of dengue fever. Conclusion The construction of ‘mosquito-free village’ in rural areas can effectively reduce the density of mosquitoes. It is sustainable and economical. Xiaozhoushan's experience of ‘mosquito-free village’ construction can be promoted in hilly rural areas where small bodies of standing water are the main breeding place of mosquitoes.
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