蜱类摘除方法概述

张萌, 王桐萱, 于志军, 刘敬泽

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.02.025

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2021 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 243 - 246

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.02.025

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蜱类摘除方法概述

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河北师范大学生命科学学院, 河北石家庄 050024

张萌,女,在读硕士,主要从事媒介生物学及控制研究工作,E-mail:1274198109@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-06-22

网络出版日期: 2021-04-20

基金资助

河北省自然科学基金（C2019205064）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFC0506903）

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An overview of tick removal methods

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College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China

Received date: 2020-06-22

Online published: 2021-04-20

Supported by

Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (No. C2019205064), and National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC0506903)

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摘要

蜱类作为传播病原体种类最多的专性吸血节肢动物，其对人类的危害仅次于蚊类。一旦被蜱类叮咬，如果不及时摘除，蜱类会吸取大量的血液，同时释放毒素或传播病原体，给人类健康带来极大危害。因此，及时摘除体表寄生蜱十分必要。我国每年都会有大量的人被蜱叮咬，但对于如何正确摘除蜱争论颇多。如何正确快速地摘除叮咬蜱类，避免蜱媒疾病的发生和蜱传毒素的释放，越来越受到民众的关心和重视。该文对近年来蜱类的摘除方法进行了比较分析，评估了不同摘除方法的摘除效果、优缺点及适用范围，为有效降低蜱类对人体造成的危害提供理论基础，对有效防控蜱和蜱媒疾病具有重要意义。

关键词： 蜱; 叮咬; 摘除; 防护

本文引用格式

张萌, 王桐萱, 于志军, 刘敬泽 . 蜱类摘除方法概述[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021 , 32(2) : 243 -246 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.02.025

Abstract

Ticks are obligate bloodsucking arthropods that transmit the most diverse pathogens, and the harm to humans caused by ticks is secondary only to that by mosquitoes. Once a tick bites the human body, it can ingest a large amount of blood and release toxins or pathogens if not removed immediately, which causes great harm to humans. Hence, it is of great importance to remove on-host ticks on the body surface as soon as possible. A huge number of tick biting cases occur in China each year, whereas there still exist controversies regarding how to remove the ticks correctly. It has attracted more and more public attention regarding how to correctly remove the biting ticks to avoid the occurrence of tick-borne diseases and the release of tick-mediated toxins. This article has made a comparative analysis on the tick removal methods in recent years and evaluated the effects of different removal methods as well as their advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. This provides a theoretical foundation for reducing tick-induced harm to humans; meanwhile, it is important for effective prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Key words： Tick; Bite; Removal; Protection

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