目的 调查自然感染状态下啮齿动物体内不同组织中巴尔通体的分布情况。方法 2018年5月应用夹夜法在黑龙江密山口岸周边捕获啮齿动物，采集心、肝、脾、肺和肾组织，匀浆后分离培养，提取疑似巴尔通体菌落核酸，PCR扩增枸橼酸合酶基因（gltA），进行测序分析，确定巴尔通体种类；分析比较心、肝、脾、肺和肾组织中的感染率及其差异。结果 共捕获啮齿动物7种81只，其中，黑线姬鼠68只，占捕获总数的84.0%；其余为东方田鼠、莫氏田鼠和北花松鼠等。共计4种45只啮齿动物分离培养出巴尔通体，总感染率为55.6%。心、肝、脾、肺和肾各组织的感染率分别为38.3%（31/81）、39.5%（32/81）、42.0%（34/81）、32.1%（26/81）和45.7%（37/81），差异无统计学意义（χ2=5.623，P=0.229）。45株分离菌鉴定出7种巴尔通体，包括格拉汉姆巴尔通体、黑瞎子巴尔通体、日本巴尔通体、库珀巴尔通体、泰勒巴尔通体、地松鼠巴尔通体和1种尚未分类巴尔通体，以格拉汉姆巴尔通体为多（73.3%），在不同组织中均有分布，差异无统计学意义（χ2=7.492，P=0.112）。结论 巴尔通体在啮齿动物中自然感染率较高，可同时侵袭不同组织，对多种组织的亲嗜性无差异，不受宿主动物和病原体的物种限制。
Objective To investigate the distribution of Bartonella in different tissues of rodents with natural infections. Methods The night trapping method was used to capture rodents around Mishan Port of Heilongjiang province, China in May 2018. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were homogenized and incubated, and Bartonella DNA was extracted from suspected colonies. Citrate synthase gene (gltA) was PCR-amplified and sequenced to determine the species of Bartonella. The infection rates of these tissues were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 81 rodents of seven species were captured, including Apodemus agrarius (68, 84.0%), Microtus fortis, M. maximowiczii, Tamias sibiricus, and others. Bartonella strains were isolated from 45 rodents of four species, with an overall infection rate of 55.6%. The infection rates of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were 38.3% (31/81), 39.5% (32/81), 42.0% (34/81), 32.1% (26/81), and 45.7% (37/81), respectively, which were not significantly different from each other (χ2=5.623, P=0.229). The 45 isolates were identified as seven species of Bartonella, i.e., B. grahamii, B. heixiaziensis, B. japonica, B. coopersplainsensis, B. taylorii, B. washoensis, and a novel species. B. grahamii was the predominant species (73.3%) and was isolated from multiple tissues, though the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=7.492, P=0.112). Conclusion Bartonella has a high natural infection rate in rodents and can invade various tissues with similar tissue tropism, and the infection is not constrained by host and Bartonella species.
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