ISSN 1003-8280 CN 10-1522/R 中国疾病预防控制中心 主办
收稿日期: 2020-09-04
网络出版日期: 2021-02-20
基金资助
青海省高端创新“千人计划”；国家自然科学基金（81860588）；青海省卫生健康委指导性计划课题（2018-wjzdx-84， 2019-wjzdx-49，2020-wjzdx-109）
An epidemiological investigation of human brucellosis in Qinghai province, China, 2017-2019
Received date: 2020-09-04
Online published: 2021-02-20
Supported by
Supported by the Qinghai Province High-end Innovation Thousand Talents Program, National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81860588) and the General Guiding Subject of Qinghai Provincial Health and Health Commission (No. 2018-wjzdx-84, 2019-wjzdx-49, 2020-wjzdx-109)
目的 调查青海省2017－2019年人间布鲁氏菌病（布病）流行病学特征和感染来源，为布病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的青海省2017－2019年布病数据，采用描述流行病学方法分析其流行特征；对检测阳性的全血样本进行细菌培养分离鉴定，分析病原学特征。结果 2017－2019年青海省累计报告布病301例，2017年发病率为0.45/10万，2018年为1.81/10万，2019年为2.72/10万，不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（t=16.421，P<0.05）。301例病例分布在26个县（市、区），排在前3位的是门源（137/301，45.51%）、都兰（30/301，9.97%）和海晏县（25/301，8.31%）。发病年龄最小14岁，最大78岁，男女性别比例为3.63：1。职业分布排在前3位的依次为农民占31.89%，牧民占25.58%，动物防疫者占20.27%。301例病例中感染方式依次为育肥贩卖（108/301，35.88%）、饲养（97/301，32.23%）、动物防疫（61/301，20.27%）、加工（26/301，8.64%）和食源（9/301，2.99%）。对2018－2019年虎红平板凝集试验、胶体金免疫层析试验、试管凝集试验阳性的37份全血进行培养，培养出8株疑似菌株，培养率为21.62%，8株布鲁氏菌确定为羊种3型。结论 目前羊种3型是青海省人间布病的主要流行菌株，青海省布病流行有增高趋势。建议相关部门加强传染源的管控，对疫情高发人群采取健康促进等防控措施，控制其发生与流行。
杨旭欣, 马丽, 李积权, 田国忠, 薛红梅, 徐立青, 任玲玲, 靳娟, 赵鸿雁, 姜海 . 青海省2017－2019年人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021 , 32(1) : 56 -59 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.011
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and infection sources of human brucellosis in Qinghai province, China, 2017-2019, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods The data of brucellosis cases in Qinghai province from 2017 to 2019 were collected, as reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics. The isolated bacteria were cultured and identified to analyze the etiological characteristics. Results From 2017 to 2019, a total of 301 brucellosis cases were reported in Qinghai province, with an incidence of 0.45/100 000 in 2017, 1.81/100 000 in 2018, and 2.72/100 000 in 2019, with a significant difference between different years (t=16.421, P<0.05). The 301 cases were distributed in 26 counties (cities, districts), among which the top three counties (cities, districts) were Menyuan county (137/301, 45.51%), Dulan county (30/301, 9.97%), and Haiyan county (25/301, 8.31%). The age of onset ranged from 14 to 78 years, and the ratio of males to females was 3.63:1. Among the 301 cases, the top three occupations were farmers (31.89%), herdsmen (25.58%), and animal epidemic prevention personnel (20.27%); the mode of infection included livestock fattening and selling (108/301, 35.88%), rearing (97/301, 32.23%), animal epidemic prevention (61/301, 20.27%), processing (26/301, 8.64%), and food-borne infection (9/301, 2.99%). From 2018 to 2019, 37 whole blood samples with positive Rose Bengal plate agglutination test, colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay, and serum agglutination test were cultured, and 8 suspected strains were obtained, with a culture rate of 21.62%. The 8 strains of Brucella were identified as B. melitensis (cluster Ⅲ). Conclusion Currently B. melitensis (cluster Ⅲ) is the main epidemic strain causing human brucellosis in Qinghai province. And the prevalence of brucellosis in Qinghai province is on the rise. It is suggested that relevant departments should strengthen the control of sources of infection and take health promotion and other prevention and control measures among the high-risk population to control the occurrence and epidemic of brucellosis.
Key words： Brucellosis; Epidemiological investigation; Strain isolation
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