目的 了解和掌握黑龙江省病媒生物监测点蚊虫常见种类、密度和季节消长规律，为蚊媒传染病的风险评估和蚊虫防制提供依据。方法 收集2007－2017年黑龙江省病媒生物监测点蚊虫监测数据，比较不同种类、不同环境蚊虫密度差异及季节消长规律，应用Excel 2016软件进行统计分析。结果 2007－2017年黑龙江省病媒生物监测点蚊虫平均密度为2.26只/（灯·h）；蚊种构成以中华按蚊为主，占捕蚊总数的40.15%；中华按蚊密度最高，达0.91只/（灯·h）；牲畜棚蚊密度最高，达6.12只/（灯·h），其次是农户为2.70只/（灯·h）；不同蚊种、不同环境蚊虫密度季节消长趋势均呈单峰曲线，7－8月密度最高。结论 黑龙江省病媒生物监测点蚊密度除2007年较高外，2008－2017年呈小幅度波浪式下降趋势；优势蚊种为中华按蚊；农村蚊密度较高，是防制的重点地区；7－8月为蚊虫活动高峰期，是采取防制措施的重点时间段。
关键词：
蚊虫; 监测; 构成比; 密度; 季节消长
Objective To investigate the common species and density of mosquitoes and their seasonal variation at vector surveillance sites in Heilongjiang province, China, and to provide a basis for risk assessment of mosquito-borne diseases and scientific development of mosquito prevention and control measures. Methods Mosquito surveillance data from 2007 to 2017 were collected from vector surveillance sites in Heilongjiang province; the data were compared for the differences in mosquito density between various species and habitats as well as their seasonal variation; Microsoft Excel 2016 software was used for statistical analysis. Results From 2006 to 2017, the total mosquito density was 2.26 mosquitoes/lamp·hour at the vector surveillance sites in Heilongjiang province; the mosquito species composition was dominated by Anopheles sinensis, accounting for 40.15% of the mosquitoes captured; the density of An. sinensis was highest, up to 0.91 mosquitoes/lamp·hour; the highest density was in livestock sheds (up to 6.12 mosquitoes/lamp·hour), followed by rural households (2.70 mosquitoes/lamp·hour); the seasonal variation in mosquito density of different species and habitats showed a single-peak trend, with the highest density in July and August. Conclusion Except for the density in 2007 (which is relatively high), the density of mosquitoes at the vector surveillance sites in Heilongjiang province from 2008-2017 shows a small-amplitude wavy decline; An. sinensis is the dominant species; the density is highest in rural areas, which are the key areas for mosquito prevention and control; mosquito activity peaks in July and August, which are the key periods for prevention and control measures.
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