Objective To investigate the cockroach infestation rate and its seasonal variation in Yinchuan, China, from 2016 to 2019, and to provide a basis for formulating cockroach control strategies. Methods One surveillance site was set up in each of the six counties (cities) under the jurisdiction of Yinchuan. In the middle of each odd month of each year, sticks and traps were used to monitor the cockroach density and infestation rate in farmers' markets, supermarkets, hotels, hospitals, residential areas, and other environmental places. Results From 2016 to 2019, a total of 12 690 cockroaches were captured, all of which were Blattella germanjca, with a mean density of 0.82 cockroach/sheet, a density index of 9.66 cockroaches/sheet, and an infestation rate of 8.41%. The cockroach density and infestation rate were highest in 2018, being 0.95 cockroach/sheet and 10.20%, respectively, and lowest in 2019, being 0.67 cockroach/sheet and 7.21%, respectively. The highest cockroach density and infestation rate were found in Jinfeng district, being 1.49 cockroaches/sheet and 15.80%, respectively, followed by Xingqing district (1.47 cockroaches/sheet and 10.15%, respectively); Helan county had the lowest cockroach density (0.11 cockroach/sheet), and Yongning county had the lowest infestation rate (4.33%). The seasonal variation of cockroach density was close to a double-peak curve, and the variation of infestation rate was close to a single-peak curve; their highest peaks were both in September. The cockroach density and infestation rate were highest in farmers' market, being 2.86 cockroaches/sheet and 18.06%, respectively, followed by residential areas (1.16 cockroaches/sheet and 17.68%, respectively), and lowest in hotels, being 0.07 cockroach/sheet and 2.51%, respectively. Conclusion In order to reduce cockroach density and control disease, the surveillance and control of cockroaches should be strengthened in various environmental places, and comprehensive measures should be taken before the peak density period according to the seasonal variation of cockroaches.
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