5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在不同环境中的灭螺效果评价

神学慧, 戴建荣, 王琳, 李叶芳, 邢云天, 孙乐平

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.026

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2020 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 497 - 501

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.026

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5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在不同环境中的灭螺效果评价

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1 镇江市丹徒区疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病预防控制科, 江苏镇江 212004;
2 江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所, 卫生部寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室, 江苏省寄生虫媒介生物学重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214064;
3 镇江市疾病预防控制中心, 江苏镇江 213003

神学慧,男,主任医师,主要从事寄生虫病控制工作,Email:zjdtcdc_xf@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-02-15

网络出版日期: 2020-08-20

基金资助

江苏省“333工程”科研项目（BRA2016132）；江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会项目（x201408，x201410，X201806，X201809）；镇江市2016年度科技创新资金项目（SH2016025）；镇江市“169”工程科研资助项目

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Molluscicidal effects of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules in different environments

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1 Dantu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhenjiang 212004, Jiangsu Province, China;
2 Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory on Technology for Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Vector Biology of Parasites;
3 Zhenjiang Center for Disease Prevention and Control

Received date: 2020-02-15

Online published: 2020-08-20

Supported by

Supported by the "333 Project" of Scientific Research of Jiangsu Province (No. BRA2016132), Jiangsu Health and Family Planning Commission Project (No. x201408, x201410, X201806, X201809), Science and Technology Project of Social Development of Zhenjiang City (No. SH2016025) and the "169" Project of Scientific Research of Zhenjiang City

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摘要

目的评价5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在不同类型环境的灭螺效果，为实施钉螺控制措施提供应用技术。方法选择江滩、水网、山丘地区各1处作为试验现场，每种不同类型的环境分成试验Ⅰ、试验Ⅱ和空白对照3个组别，其中试验Ⅰ组用5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂，剂量为40 g/m²；试验Ⅱ组用4%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐粉剂，剂量为50 g/m²；空白对照组不进行现场灭螺处理。比较不同环境类型、不同施药时间钉螺死亡率和密度的差异程度，绘制变化趋势图。结果 5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂喷撒7 d后，江滩、水网、山丘3类现场钉螺死亡率分别为84.97%、87.57%和86.01%，其钉螺校正死亡率分别为84.55%、87.41%和85.80%；4%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐粉剂喷撒7 d后现场钉螺死亡率分别为83.75%、85.42%和87.68%，其钉螺校正死亡率分别为83.37%、85.27%和87.55%；2种剂型药物在同一环境中灭螺后钉螺死亡率差异均无统计学意义（χ²=3.528、2.910、0.015，均P > 0.05）。江滩、水网、山丘3类环境中，5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂喷撒15 d后现场钉螺平均密度分别下降了88.42%、91.25%和85.57%，4%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐粉剂喷撒15 d后现场钉螺平均密度分别下降了83.91%、85.29%和86.67%。5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在江滩、水网和山丘3类环境中，灭螺后3~15 d钉螺总死亡率分别为84.12%、87.68%和85.74%，差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.440，P=0.040），以水网沟渠灭螺效果最好。结论 5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在江滩、水网、山丘均有较好的灭螺效果，可作为不同类型环境现场灭螺备选药物之一。

关键词： 钉螺; 5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂; 效果评价; 血吸虫病

本文引用格式

神学慧, 戴建荣, 王琳, 李叶芳, 邢云天, 孙乐平 . 5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂在不同环境中的灭螺效果评价[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020 , 31(4) : 497 -501 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.026

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effects of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules in different environments, and to propose a technique for Oncomelania hupensis control. Methods One field test site each was selected in the river beach, water network, and hill. In each test site, three groups were set up:experiment I (using 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at 40 g/m²), experiment II (using 4% niclosamide ethanolamine powder at 50 g/m²), and blank control (no snail control measure). The mortalities and densities of O. hupensis snails were compared between different environments and different time points after molluscicide application, and the changing trend in the density was drawn. Results Seven days after molluscicide spraying, the snail mortalities caused by 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules in the river beach, water network, and hill were 84.97%, 87.57%, and 86.01%, respectively, with adjusted mortalities of 84.55%, 87.41%, and 85.80%, respectively; the mortalities caused by 4% niclosamide ethanolamine powder in the three environments were 83.75%, 85.42%, and 87.68%, respectively, with adjusted mortalities of 83.37%, 85.27%, and 87.55%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mortality between the two molluscicidal protocols in any of the three environments (χ²=3.528, 2.910, 0.015, all P > 0.05). Fifteen days after molluscicide spraying, the reduction in the mean snail densities by 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules in the river beach, water network, and hill were 88.42%, 91.25%, and 85.57%, respectively; the reduction in the mean densities by 4% niclosamide ethanolamine powder in the three environments were 83.91%, 85.29%, and 86.67%, respectively. Three to 15 days after spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules, the overall mortalities in the river beach, water network, and hill were 84.12%, 87.68%, and 85.74%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=6.440, P=0.040). Conclusion The 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules have a good molluscicidal effect in the river beach, water network, and hill, and can be used as an alternative molluscicide for snail control in different environments.

Key words： Oncomelania hupensis; 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules; Effectiveness evaluation; Schistosomiasis

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