目的 了解我国人居及周边环境蜚蠊的种类、密度和时空特征，分析粘捕法和目测法的监测结果，为蜚蠊防控提供科学依据。方法 收集整理2019年我国病媒生物监测国家级监测点蜚蠊数据，采用Excel 2013软件分析不同种类、不同环境、不同省份、不同时间的蜚蠊分布特征。结果 2019年粘捕法监测结果表明，蜚蠊粘捕率为5.45%，侵害率为5.25%；德国小蠊占绝对优势，占捕获总数的95.65%，美洲大蠊占2.42%，其他蜚蠊占1.93%。目测法监测结果表明，蜚蠊成若虫侵害率为3.63%，其中小蠊的侵害率为3.07%，大蠊的侵害率为1.28%。农贸市场和餐饮行业蜚蠊侵害率高。蜚蠊侵害率南方高，北方低。粘捕法监测的蜚蠊侵害率为目测法的1.45倍。结论 2019年全国蜚蠊监测结果，有利于对蜚蠊重点物种、重点环境、重点区域及关键时间开展针对性防控工作。
岳玉娟, 任东升, 吴海霞, 刘小波, 赵宁, 郭玉红, 李贵昌, 王雪霜, 宋秀平, 王君, 鲁亮, 刘起勇
. 2019年全国蜚蠊监测报告[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020
, 31(4)
: 412
-416
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.006
Objective To investigate the species, density, and spatio-temporal characteristics of cockroaches in human habitats and surroundings in China and the cockroach surveillance results based on the sticky trap method and visual observation, and to provide a scientific basis for cockroach prevention and control. Methods The cockroach surveillance data were collected from the national surveillance sites for vectors in China, 2019. Excel 2013 software was used to analyze the cockroach distribution characteristics of different species in different habitats, in different provinces, and at different times. Results In 2019, the surveillance results according to the sticky trap method showed that the sticky trapping rate was 5.45% and the infestation rate was 5.25%. Blattella germanica was the dominant species, accounting for 95.65% of the total catch, Periplaneta americana accounted for 2.42%, and the rest accounted for 1.93%. The surveillance results according to visual observation showed that the infestation rate of adult and nymph cockroaches was 3.63%, with 3.07% for B. germanica and 1.28% for P. americana. Farmers' markets and restaurants had high cockroach infestation rates. The cockroach infestation rate was high in South China and low in North China. The cockroach infestation rate measured by the sticky trap method was 1.45 times that by visual observation. Conclusion The national cockroach surveillance results in 2019 are conducive to the targeted cockroach control of key species in key habitats and areas, and at key times.
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