Objective To investigate the seasonal variation of mosquito density and species diversity of mosquitoes in Tangshan, China, and to provide a scientific basis for effective mosquito prevention and control. Methods The mosquito surveillance data were obtained, using the light-trap method, from five surveillance sites in urban residential areas, parks, hospitals, suburban residential areas, and livestock sheds, in Tangshan, from May to October of each year during 2007-2018. The data were then used for measurement, comparison, and analysis of the density, species diversity, and seasonal variation of mosquitoes in different years/months and habitats. In this study, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou uniformity index, Berger-Parker dominance index, and relative species abundance were used to study the diversity of mosquitoes. Results A total of 10 mosquito species were captured, i.e., Culex pipiens pallens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. modestus, Cx. vagans, Cx. fuscanus, Aedes albopictus, Ae. vexans, Ae. dorsalis, Anopheles sinensis, and An. yatsushiroensis. The mosquito density was 1.70 mosquitoes/light·hour, with the highest density observed for Cx. pipiens pallens (1.65 mosquitoes/light·hour). The composition of different mosquito species was different in different years (χ2=3 393.930, P<0.001). Among the different habitats, livestock sheds had the highest density of 2.94 mosquitoes/light·hour. According to the analysis of species diversity indices in different habitats, the diversity index and uniformity index of residential areas were the highest (0.23 and 0.14, respectively), and the dominance index of rural residential areas was the highest (0.98). The seasonal variation curve of mosquito density was unimodal, with a peak (3.75 mosquitoes/light·hour) observed in July. The species diversity index and uniformity index were the highest in August (0.31 and 0.17, respectively), and the dominance index was the highest in October (0.99). Conclusion Culex pipiens pallens is the dominant mosquito species in Tangshan. The highest mosquito density was observed in livestock sheds, and the mosquito species were most abundant in residential areas, with the most uniform density of different mosquito species. The highest dominance index was observed in rural houses. The highest mosquito density was observed in July, and the mosquito species was most abundant in August, with the most uniform density of different mosquito species, the highest dominance index was observed in October.
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