目的 了解深圳市各种市政管网沙井口的蚊虫孳生现状，为城镇蚊媒的防控提供依据。方法 调查深圳市新城区、老城区和城中村有代表性街道的市政管网各种沙井口的积水情况、蚊虫孳生率与密度，以500 ml孑孓勺捕捞幼虫计算密度（条/勺）。结果 2017年11月共调查各种市政管网沙井口508个，蚊虫孳生的平均阳性率为4.7%，其中伊蚊的孳生阳性率为3.3%；防蚊贴（四防设施，包括防蚊闸、防蚊纱网等）的安装率为27.4%，维护完整率为76.3%。阳性沙井口中未安装防蚊贴（四防设施）的占83.3%，阳性沙井的幼虫最高密度为43条/勺，最低密度为1条/勺。供水沙井、沉沙井和市政排污井的阳性率较高，分别为5.9%、5.7%和5.5%。沉沙井、市政排污井和市政排雨水井的调查数构成比及阳性构成比较大，此3类沙井口占总调查数的84.8%，占阳性沙井数的87.5%。燃气、通讯、供电等沙井口均未发现有蚊虫孳生。结论 四防设施有利于减少下水道蚊虫的孳生；沉沙井、市政排污井和市政排雨水井是城市市政管网中蚊虫重要的孳生环境，防蚊贴（四防设施）能有效减少市政地下管网中蚊虫的孳生。
段金花, 陈宗晶, 周静雅, 黄亮宇, 吴军, 蔡松武, 张绍华, 邓惠, 林立丰, 刘礼平
. 2017年广东省深圳市市政管网沙井口的蚊虫孳生现况调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020
, 31(2)
: 199
-202
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.02.016
Objective To investigate the mosquito infestation in the mouths of manholes under the municipal administration networks in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in urban areas. Methods The ponding status, mosquito infestation rate, and mosquito density were investigated in the mouths of manholes under the municipal administration networks of representative subdistricts in the new town areas, old town areas, and urban villages in Shenzhen. The larvae were captured with a 500-ml larva sampling spoon for density (larvae/spoon) calculation. Results A total of 508 mouths of manholes under the municipal administration networks were investigated in November 2017; the mean positive rate of mosquito infestation was 4.7% (including a mean positive rate of Aedes infestation of 3.3%). The mounting rate and maintenance rate of Mosquito Proof Set (the four types of mosquito proof facilities, including mosquito repellent sticks, mosquito proof sluices and nets) were 27.4% and 76.3%, respectively. Of the mouths of positive manholes, 83.3% were not equipped with Mosquito Proof Set. The highest and lowest densities of larvae in the positive manholes were 43 larvae/spoon and 1 larva/spoon, respectively. Relatively high positive rates were observed in water supply manholes (5.9%), sediment manholes (5.7%), and municipal sewage manholes (5.5%). The sediment manholes, municipal sewage manholes, and municipal rainwater manholes had a relatively high constituent ratio both in the overall manholes investigated (84.8%) and in the positive manholes (87.5%). No mosquito infestation was found in the mouths of gas, communication, and power supply manholes. Conclusion The Mosquito Proof Sets are conducive to reducing mosquito infestation in the sewers. Places most seriously infested with mosquitoes are sediment manholes, municipal sewage manholes, and municipal rainwater manholes under the municipal administration networks. The Mosquito Proof Sets can effectively reduce mosquito infestation.
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