目的 调查四川省登革热媒介伊蚊的分布和密度，为登革热的防治提供依据。方法 2016-2018年5-10月采用定时、定点、定人调查法，运用布雷图指数（BI）法和双层叠帐法，对全省21个市（州）登革热媒介伊蚊进行监测，分析伊蚊的分布和密度。结果 21个监测点伊蚊幼蚊的BI在8.69～17.96之间，帐诱指数在0～67.00只/（顶·h）之间。2016年，农村居民区BI（17.96）、容器指数（CI）（11.93%）、房屋指数（HI）（14.28%）均高于城市居民区（BI=9.25；CI=6.51%；HI=7.07%）（均P<0.05）；2017年，农村居民区CI（10.74%）、HI（9.82%）均高于城市居民区（CI=5.65%；HI=8.01%）（均P<0.05），BI在农村居民区（12.60）和城市居民区（8.69）间差异无统计学意义；2018年，城市居民区HI（6.60%）略高于农村居民区（5.73%）（χ2=3.913，P=0.048），而两者BI、CI差异均无统计学意义。2016-2018年，CI最高的容器种类分别是废旧轮胎（16.92%）、人工布放容器（28.01%）和闲置容器（10.93%）；全省白纹伊蚊幼蚊密度最高出现在7或8月，50%以上的监测点BI>5。2016-2018年5-10月平均帐诱指数>2只/（顶·h）的监测点数分别为6、4和6个，大多数监测点的优势蚊种为白纹伊蚊；居民区、竹林/公园和特殊场所的帐诱指数分别为1.42～2.05、1.30～2.09和1.29～3.38只/（顶·h）。5-10月，白纹伊蚊成蚊平均密度在0.67～4.59只/（顶·h），峰值均出现在7月。结论 白纹伊蚊在四川省分布广泛且密度较高，一旦有登革热病例输入，可能造成当地登革热传播。
Objective To investigate the distribution and density of the dengue vector Aedes in Sichuan province, China, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The distribution and density of Aedes mosquito were surveyed by the Breteau index (BI) method and the double-layered mosquito net method at 21 surveillance sites, which were distributed in the 21 prefecture-level cities of Sichuan province, during May through October, 2016-2018. The surveillance was carried out at the same time and by the same person at each site. Results The BI of larval Aedes at the 21 surveillance sites ranged from 8.69 to 17.96, and the net trap index ranged from 0 to 67.00 mosquitoes/net·hour. In 2016, BI, container index (CI), and house index (HI) were significantly higher in rural residential areas (BI=17.96; CI=11.93%; HI=14.28%) than in urban residential areas (BI=9.25; CI=6.51%; HI=7.07%) (all P<0.05). In 2017, CI and HI were significantly higher in rural residential areas than in urban residential areas (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in BI between the two areas. In 2018, HI was slightly higher in urban residential areas than in rural residential areas (χ2=3.913, P=0.048), but there was no significant difference in BI or CI between the two areas. From 2016 to 2018, the types of containers with the highest CI were used tires (16.92%), laid containers (28.01%), and idle containers (10.93%). The density of Ae. albopictus was highest in July or August, and more than half of the surveillance sites had a BI of >5. The numbers of surveillance sites with a mean net trap index of >2 mosquitoes/net·hour during May to October from 2016 to 2018 were 6, 4, and 6, respectively, with the dominant species being Ae. albopictus at most monitoring sites. The net trap indices of residential areas, bamboo forests/parks, and special places were 1.42-2.05, 1.30-2.09, and 1.29-3.38 mosquitoes/net·hour, respectively. From May to October, 2016-2018, the mean density of adult Ae. albopictus fluctuated between 0.67 and 4.59 mosquitoes/net·hour, peaking in July. Conclusion Aedes albopictus is distributed densely and widely in Sichuan province, and local transmission may occur due to imported dengue cases.
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