Objective To analyze seasonal, habitat, and spatial variation in the density of Aedes albopictus larvae in Songjiang district, Shanghai, China, 2017-2018, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of dengue. Methods Surveillance points were set up in several sub-districts/towns of Songjiang district, and surveillance was done once during the middle ten days of every month from April to November, 2017-2018, using the Breteau index method and mosquito-oviposition trapping method for monitoring the density of Aedes mosquitoes. Excel 2003 and SPSS 16.0 softwares were employed to perform analyses; the chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in mosquito density between different habitats; Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between Breteau index (BI) and mosq-ovitrap index (MOI). Epi Info 3.5.4 software was employed to map the spatial distribution of Ae. albopictus density. Results The larval density of Ae. albopictus in Songjiang district increased from April to May, peaked during June to August, and then decreased gradually. In 2018, BI averaged 7.09 and peaked at 15.23 in July; MOI averaged 10.61 and peaked at 18.50 in August; the values were higher than those in 2017. BI and MOI in the same period were positively correlated (r=0.881, P<0.001). Among different habitats, BI assessment showed that residential areas had the highest density (BI=8.63), followed by construction sites and schools; MOI assessment showed that waste collection stations had the highest density (MOI=10.53), followed by residential areas and other outdoor environment. In 2018, mean MOI data from 15 sub-districts/towns in Songjiang district showed that 1 sub-district had risk of a regional epidemic, 7 sub-districts/towns had risk of an outbreak, 6 sub-districts/towns had spreading risk, and only 1 town had a density of less than 5; the areas with relatively high density were concentrated in central and northern sub-districts/towns. The overall risk of dengue in 2018 was higher than that in 2017. Conclusion The occurrence and epidemic risk of dengue is relatively high in Songjiang district, suggesting that local authorities should further strengthen surveillance and control of Ae. albopictus to prevent the occurrence or even outbreak of local cases caused by imported dengue cases.
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